合成生物学通往新的和已经灭绝的自然产品的途径
1School of Chemistry, University of Bristol Bristol BS8 1TS UK tom.simpson@bristol.ac.uk.
RSC chemical biology
|April 2, 2025
概括
基因组工程的进步使得在细菌和真菌中发现新的天然产品和优化代谢物生产成为可能. 对mupirocin和真菌代谢物的研究揭示了路径洞察力和组合生物合成的潜力.
科学领域:
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 合成生物学 合成生物学
- 自然产品化学 自然产品化学
背景情况:
- 基因组测序和基因工程促进了对微生物生物合成途径的研究.
- 像mupirocin,tenellin和bassianin这样的天然产品是由细菌和真菌通过复杂的酶机制生产的.
- 了解这些途径对于发现新化合物和改善生产至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 用基因工程技术阐明自然产品的生物合成途径.
- 发现新的代谢物和工程菌株,以优化特定化合物的生产.
- 探索组合生物合成创造新分子的潜力.
主要方法:
- 在*Pseudomonas fluorescens*和*Pseudoalteromonas* sp.中进行了广泛的基因淘汰实验. 为了识别代谢物.
- 生物合成基因集群分析和PKS-NRPS系统之间的域交换.
- 在*Aspergillus oryzae*中异质表达以产生混合代谢产物.
- 关于*Cryptosporiopsis* sp.的工程研究 用于针对性生产特定的克桑元件.
主要成果:
- 从mupirocin和thiomarinol路径中分离了许多新的生物合成中间体和分离产品.
- 基因工程 *P. fluorescens* 菌株的生成,该菌株能够产生高位的单一,稳定的伪蒙酸.
- 通过真菌PKS-NRPS系统的域交换产生各种新代谢物,揭示链长度和甲基化的控制元素.
- 克桑生物合成途径的阐明和为选择性生产主要成分的菌株的工程.
结论:
- 微生物通路的基因操纵是发现天然产品和改进菌株的强大工具.
- 组合生物合成为产生具有定制性质的新代谢物产生显著潜力.
- 详细的路径阐明使得有针对性的工程能够有效地生产有价值的化合物.
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