整合健康公平在加拿大的公共卫生人工智能:一个快速叙事审查
Samantha Ghanem1, Marielle Moraleja1, Danielle Gravesande1
1Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
Frontiers in public health
|April 2, 2025
概括
人工智能 (AI) 可以改善公共卫生,但仔细考虑健康公平是至关重要的. 解决诸如算法偏见和数据表示等问题是确保人工智能公平地为所有人带来利益的关键.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 医疗信息学 医疗信息学
- 人工智能的人工智能
背景情况:
- 人工智能 (AI) 越来越多地应用于公共卫生环境,为效率,精度和决策提供了潜在的改进.
- 然而,在公共卫生中部署人工智能可能会加剧现有的健康不平等,如果不积极解决公平考虑的话.
- 本次审查的重点是综合与公共卫生领域的人工智能应用有关的健康公平性考虑.
研究的目的:
- 进行快速叙事审查,以综合与人工智能 (AI) 在公共卫生中的应用相关的健康公平性考虑.
- 在公共卫生中实施人工智能的背景下,确定加强健康公平的挑战和机会.
主要方法:
- 使用了快速叙事审查方法.
- 用既定的协议进行文献搜索,标题/摘要选,全文审查和数据提取.
- 数据合成的重点是确定与公共卫生人工智能健康公平相关的关键主题.
主要成果:
- 该评论综合了来自54篇同行评审文章和灰色文献来源的发现.
- 确定的健康公平考虑包括人工智能认识论的差距,算法偏见,技术可访问性,伦理/隐私问题,非代表性数据集,缺乏透明度和技能可扩展性.
- 在这些领域强调了确保公平的人工智能应用的挑战.
结论:
- 虽然人工智能为加拿大推进公共卫生提供了巨大的潜力,但积极的措施对于防止健康不平等扩大至关重要.
- 加强健康公平的机会包括采用多样化的AI框架,确保人类监督,通过先进的建模减轻偏见,促进协作和标准化道德准则.
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