澳大利亚的健康和监禁研究:一个范围审查
Sarah A Pellicano1, Lindsay A Pearce1,2, Alexander C Campbell1,2,3
1Justice Health Group, enAble Institute, Curtin University, Building 400 Kent Street, Bentley, WA, 6102, Australia.
The Lancet regional health. Western Pacific
|April 2, 2025
概括
本次审查突出了澳大利亚有关监禁人员健康的研究缺陷,特别是关于认知障碍,慢性疾病和第一民族人的研究. 需要更多的研究来解决司法涉及的人口的复杂健康需求.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
- 刑事司法 卫生 刑事司法 卫生
背景情况:
- 与普通人群相比,被监禁的人有复杂的健康需求,健康结果较差.
- 澳大利亚有大量的监禁人口,因此需要对相关的健康研究有明确的了解.
- 促进澳大利亚和西太平洋地区司法参与个人的健康公平是关键的公共卫生目标.
研究的目的:
- 综合健康研究的广度和质量,涉及与澳大利亚刑事司法系统接触的人.
- 确定有关澳大利亚特定健康问题,人口和地理区域的研究缺口.
- 为未来的研究方向和基于证据的战略提供信息,以改善被监禁和参与司法人员的健康状况.
主要方法:
- 对八个数据库进行了全面的搜索,以寻找初级,同行评审的研究.
- 研究包括那些报告澳大利亚监狱或青少年拘留所被监禁或以前被监禁的个人的健康状况的研究.
- 应用了包含标准,从识别的记录中过相关的研究.
主要成果:
- 确定了超过11,700个独特记录,其中508个符合审查的纳入标准.
- 大部分研究 (51%) 在2015年至2024年期间发表,这表明该领域最近的增长.
- 在诸如认知障碍 (16%的研究),非传染性疾病 (14%),性和生殖健康 (6%),青少年拘留 (15%) 和释放后健康 (24%) 等领域发现了关键的研究缺口.
- 专注于澳大利亚原住民的研究是有限的 (5%),大多数研究来自新南威尔士,昆士兰和维多利亚.
结论:
- 尽管研究增加了,但关键的健康问题,特定的人群 (例如,第一民族人民) 和研究不足的司法管辖区需要紧急关注.
- 进一步进行高质量的研究对于解决司法涉及人口健康方面的证据差距至关重要.
- 将研究结果转化为基于证据的策略,对于满足这一群体复杂多样化的健康需求至关重要.
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