在西达马,埃塞俄比亚南部,结核病患者治疗结束后的肺功能
Endrias Markos Woldesemayat1, Jaime H Vera2, Clea Tanner2
1College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Hawassa University, Hawassa, Ethiopia.
Frontiers in medicine
|April 2, 2025
概括
为肺结核 (TB) 接受治疗的人面临阻塞性肺功能障碍和呼吸道症状的风险更高. 建议定期进行随访护理,以早期检测和管理这些TB后肺部疾病.
科学领域:
- 肺部病理学 肺部病理学
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 肺功能障碍是肺结核 (TB) 治疗后的常见后果.
- 了解结核病幸存者的长期呼吸系统健康状况对于有效的公共卫生战略至关重要.
- 肺结核治疗可能导致持续的呼吸系统问题,影响生活质量.
研究的目的:
- 研究和比较已完成肺结核治疗的成年人的肺功能参数与对照组.
- 评估结核病后患者中阻塞性和限制性肺功能障碍的患病率.
- 为了确定结核病治疗后与肺功能障碍相关的风险因素.
主要方法:
- 在埃塞俄比亚农村进行了一项比较横截面研究,招募了167名结核病后患者和156名对照人群.
- 使用便携式呼吸计进行肺功能测试,并使用圣乔治呼吸问卷评估呼吸症状.
- 阻断性损伤是由FEV1/FVC比率<70%定义的,而限制性损伤是由正常的FEV1/FVC与低FEV1.1定义的.
主要成果:
- 结核病后的参与者 (60.5%) 与对照人群 (40.4%) 相比,阻塞性肺功能障碍的患病率显著更高 (p=0.01).
- 在后结核病参与者 (22.8%) 和对照 (25.0%) (p=0.3) 之间,限制性肺功能障碍没有显著差异.
- 后结核病患者患有阻塞性功能障碍 (aOR,2.1) 和呼吸道症状 (aOR,73.0) 的风险增加,而BMI 是一个促成因素.
结论:
- 接受肺结核治疗的成年人患肺功能障碍和出现呼吸道症状的风险增加.
- 这些发现强调了持续监测和针对结核病幸存者的量身定制后续护理的重要性,以管理肺部并发症.
- 在后结核病患者中,早期发现和干预肺功能障碍可以减轻长期呼吸道发病率.
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