终端基的无催化剂直接碳化水化合物转化为E-基替代稳定硫基化物
Haiting Wu1,2, Yougen Xu2, An Lin2
1School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Laboratory, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China.
这项研究引入了一种新的,无金属的方法,用于合成各种E-基替代 (hetero) amide-sulfoxonium ylides. 这种高通量方法提供了一种简单,成本效益高的途径,用于有机合成的有价值化合物.
科学领域:
- 有机合成 有机合成
- 药用化学 医学化学
- 农业化学 农业化学
背景情况:
- 胺基和基结构在天然产品,制药和农业化学品中至关重要.
- 乙烯基硫化是高价值化合物的多功能合成剂.
- 通过基功能化合成基替代的胺-硫酸的合成还不发达.
研究的目的:
- 开发一种高通量方法,用于合成多种功能化的E-基替代 (hetero) amide-sulfoxonium ylides.
- 为这种转化建立温和,无金属的反应条件.
主要方法:
- 在迈克尔加法反应中利用胺-硫烯化物作为核友.
- 与各种替代性基反应,包括基,基,胺和硫.
- 在温和,无金属条件下采用高通量方法.
主要成果:
- 成功合成了多种不同的E-基替代 (hetero) amide-sulfoxonium化物.
- 证明了广泛的基质范围和高功能组兼容性.
- 在温和条件下实现了优异的区域和立体选择性.
结论:
- 开发的方法提供了一个低成本,操作简单的途径,以有价值的胺-硫酸.
- 这些产品适合合成复杂的分子和有价值的1,5-二碳和硫1-氧化物化合物.
- 这种方法扩大了胺-硫酸的合成效用.
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相关概念视频
Reduction of Alkynes to cis-Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation
Like alkenes, alkynes can be reduced to alkanes in the presence of transition metal catalysts such as Pt, Pd, or Ni. The reaction involves two sequential syn additions of hydrogen via a cis-alkene intermediate.
Alkynes to Aldehydes and Ketones: Hydroboration-Oxidation
One of the convenient methods for the preparation of aldehydes and ketones is via hydration of alkynes. Hydroboration-oxidation of alkynes is an indirect hydration reaction in which an alkyne is treated with borane followed by oxidation with alkaline peroxide to form an enol that rapidly converts into an aldehyde or a ketone. Terminal alkynes form aldehydes, whereas internal alkynes give ketones as the final product.
Preparation of Alkynes: Alkylation Reaction
Alkylation of terminal alkynes with primary alkyl halides in the presence of a strong base like sodium amide is one of the common methods for the synthesis of longer carbon-chain alkynes. For example, treatment of 1-propyne with sodium amide followed by reaction with ethyl bromide yields 2-pentyne.
Alkynes to Aldehydes and Ketones: Acid-Catalyzed Hydration
Analogous to alkenes, alkynes also undergo acid-catalyzed hydration. While the addition of water to an alkene gives an alcohol, hydration of alkynes produces different products such as aldehydes and ketones.
Preparation of Alkynes: Dehydrohalogenation
Alkynes can be prepared by dehydrohalogenation of vicinal or geminal dihalides in the presence of a strong base like sodium amide in liquid ammonia. The reaction proceeds with the loss of two equivalents of hydrogen halide (HX) via two successive E2 elimination reactions.
Electrophilic Addition to Alkynes: Hydrohalogenation
