通过密集实例细分来评估脏活检病变的进展
Zhan Xiong1, Junling He2, Pieter Valkema3
1LIACS, Leiden University, Snellius Gebouw, Niels Bohrweg 1, 2333 CA, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Artificial intelligence in medicine
|April 2, 2025
概括
使用新型深度学习模型DiffRegFormer自动化病诊断,显著降低了病理学家在病变评分中的变化. 这种计算工具可以提高结体,管状体和动脉在脏活检中的精度.
科学领域:
- 数字病理学和计算成像技术
- 医疗诊断中的人工智能
- 病理和疾病量化病理和疾病量化.
背景情况:
- 脏活检对于诊断脏疾病至关重要,但病理学家的手动损伤评分显示了观察者之间的高变化.
- 由于复杂的解剖结构,类不平衡和多标签的病变,在组织病理学中自动化病变分类具有挑战性.
- 现有的计算模型很难在各种数据集中有效和通用地解决这些复杂性.
研究的目的:
- 开发一个通用的计算解决方案,用于自动化病变分类,从各种来源的脏活检.
- 通过自动化定量病变来减少病诊断的观察者间变异性.
- 创建一个强大的模型,能够处理复杂的脏感兴趣区域 (ROI) 中的多类,多规模的物体和多标签的病变.
主要方法:
- 介绍DiffRegFormer,一个端到端密集实例分割子网络,结合扩散模型,变压器和RCNNs.
- 该框架在ROI中有效地识别了500多个对象,跨越三个解剖学类 (球体,管道,动脉).
- 采用两种子网络方法:密集实例细分和随后在已识别的对象补丁上进行病变分类.
主要成果:
- DiffRegFormer在斯的银色脏全片图像 (WSIs) 上实现了52.1%的平均检测精度和46.8%的细分精度.
- 损伤分类子网络在21,889个物体补丁上获得了89.2%的精度和64.6%的回忆.
- 该模型证明了直接域可转移到PAS染色脏WSIs,而不需要微调.
结论:
- 开发的计算方法为脏活检中的自动化病变分析提供了通用和高效的解决方案.
- DiffRegFormer显著提高了病变量化的准确性和一致性,有助于诊断脏疾病.
- 该模型的转移域的能力凸显了其稳定性和在数字病理学中广泛临床应用的潜力.
相关概念视频
01:21External Anatomy of the Kidney
The kidneys are a pair of bean-shaped organs in the human body that play a critical role in maintaining overall health. They filter out waste products from the blood, regulate blood pressure, maintain electrolyte balance, and stimulate the production of red blood cells.
The kidneys are located in the retroperitoneal space on either side of the vertebral column, protected posteriorly by the 11th and 12th ribs. The right kidney sits slightly lower than the left owing to the presence of the liver...
The kidneys are located in the retroperitoneal space on either side of the vertebral column, protected posteriorly by the 11th and 12th ribs. The right kidney sits slightly lower than the left owing to the presence of the liver...
01:28Imaging Studies I: Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder Studies
Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder (KUB) StudiesKidney, Ureter, and Bladder (KUB) studies are standard diagnostic imaging procedures used to assess the anatomy of the urinary system. They are commonly utilized for patients experiencing abdominal pain or urinary symptoms. By using a simple X-ray of the abdomen, KUB studies can reveal structural and pathological abnormalities within the kidneys, ureters, and bladder. These studies are particularly valuable in diagnosing kidney stones, urinary...