社会和环境的逆境预测在密尔沃基,威斯康星州社区样本中心理健康不佳
C W Tomas1, S Timmer-Murillo2, K Vine3
1Division of Epidemiology and Social Sciences, Institute for Health and Equity, Medical College of Wisconsin, USA; Comprehensive Injury Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, USA.
Social science & medicine (1982)
|April 2, 2025
概括
种族主义显著影响黑人成年人的心理健康,社会和环境的逆境强烈预测抑郁症,焦虑症和PTSD. 了解这些集体因素对于干预至关重要.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 社会学 社会学 社会学
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
背景情况:
- 种族主义是一种值和不平等的体系,在多个层面上运作,导致了重大的健康差异.
- 虽然种族主义的影响是显而易见的,但很少有研究同时评估结构性种族主义因素及其对心理健康结果的综合预测能力.
- 现有研究强调,需要对种族主义对黑人美国人福祉的多方面的影响进行全面评估.
研究的目的:
- 为了检查种族主义对黑人美国成年人的心理健康的影响,跨个人,人际关系,社区和社会层面.
- 确定与种族主义相关的风险和保护因素,以了解它对这一群体的集体影响.
- 分析各种社会,环境和行为因素如何相互作用,以预测心理健康结果,包括焦虑,抑郁和创伤后应激症状 (PTSS).
主要方法:
- 这是一项涉及400名美国密尔沃基州黑人成年人的横截面研究,他们完成了关于人口统计,心理健康和心理社会,环境和社区背景的调查.
- 使用双变量分析,探索性因子分析 (EFA) 和一般线性建模来分析数据.
- 评估心理健康结果 (焦虑,抑郁,PTSS) 与各种风险和保护因素相关,包括歧视,社会支持和社区凝聚力.
主要成果:
- 参与者报告说,抑郁症,焦虑症和创伤后应激障碍的发病率较高.
- 心理健康结果与酒精/毒品使用,暴力暴露,住房不安全,与种族主义相关的警和歧视正相关,但与社区社会凝聚力负相关.
- 探索性因子分析确定了三个集群:社会和环境逆境 (SEA),心理社会性 (PR) 和物质使用 (SU). SEA和SU是不良心理健康结果的重要预测因素,而PR不是.
结论:
- 社会和环境因素,特别是与逆境和物质使用有关的因素,是黑人成年人心理健康不佳的重要预测因素.
- 社会生态框架对于全面评估种族主义的影响和解决心理健康差异至关重要.
- 干预措施必须考虑社会和环境因素的集体影响,以有效地减轻种族主义在黑人社区的心理健康后果.
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