美国 fentanyl-xylazine 过量服用死亡人数, 2018-2023 年
1Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA zhudt@vcu.edu.
概括
从2018年到2023年, fentanyl-xylazine过量死亡人数急剧增加,不成比例地影响男性和黑人. 这种增长凸显了急需进行西拉测试和扩大危害减少服务的迫切需要.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 毒理学 毒理学 毒理学
背景情况:
- 一种兽医药物西拉 (Xylazine) 越来越多地被发现是美国非法芬太尼供应中的奸剂.
- 这种改构成了严重且日益增长的公共卫生威胁,因为它与阿片类药物的协同作用.
研究的目的:
- 分析美国 fentanyl-xylazine 过量死亡率的趋势和人口/地理差异.
- 量化与芬太尼和西拉的同时出现相关的死亡率增加.
主要方法:
- 一个连续的横截面研究设计,利用国家死亡证明数据 (CDC WONDER数据库).
- 使用ICD-10代码识别涉及芬太尼 (T40.4) 和西拉 (T40.5或T46.5) 的过量死亡.
- 按人口和地理区域分层计算每10万人的原始死亡率.
主要成果:
- 芬太尼-克西拉过量死亡人数从2018年的99人呈指数级增长,到2023年的6020人.
- 在研究期间,原始死亡率从每10万人口的0.03上升到1.80.
- 在2023年,与女性和白人相比,男性 (分别为2.63 / 100,000) 和黑人 (分别为3.21 / 100,000) 的过量服用死亡率更高. 中大西洋和新英格兰地区的病率最高.
结论:
- 芬太尼-西拉死亡的快速升级,特别是在黑人群体中,突出了不断扩大的非法毒品改和现有的健康差异.
- 迫切需要采取公共卫生干预措施,包括进行常规的西拉毒理学查,加强减少危害服务,改善获得基于证据的治疗选择的机会.
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