气候变暖导致的体型缩小与迁徙鸟类中较小个体的选择无关
Andrea Romano1, Roberto Ambrosini1, Manuela Caprioli1
1Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
The Journal of animal ecology
|April 3, 2025
概括
由于气候变化,物种正在减少,但这次谷仓子研究表明它正在减少.
科学领域:
- 进化生态学的进化生态学
- 气候变化生物学
- 动物形态学 动物形态学
背景情况:
- 在进化生态学中,物种对气候变化的反应至关重要.
- 伯格曼和艾伦的规则预测了随着温度的增加而发生的身体尺寸和肢体变化.
- 以前的研究通常支持这些预测,但关于适应性进化反应的问题仍然存在.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究31年来谷仓子群体体体积和形状的变化.
- 为了确定观察到的形态变化是适应性的进化反应还是表型的可塑性.
- 评估自然选择在推动这些变化的作用.
主要方法:
- 在31年 (1993-2023) 期间,利用了近9000只谷仓 (Hirundo rustica) 的捕获-重新捕获数据.
- 分析了身体质量, keel 长度,翅膀长度, bill 长度和 tarsus 长度的趋势.
- 进行了可行性和生育能力选择分析,以根据规模评估个人成功.
主要成果:
- 观察到身体质量, keel 和翅膀长度的减少,男性的身体质量下降到4.0%.
- 比尔和塔尔索斯长度没有显示一致的下降.
- 个体内变化对长期趋势的贡献很小;自然选择并不总是有利于较小的个体.
结论:
- 观察到的身体大小和形状的变化与伯格曼和艾伦的规则保持一致.
- 身体尺寸的减少可能反映了表型的可塑性,而不是应对气候变暖的适应性进化.
- 当将缩小尺寸解释为直接适应气候变化的反应时,建议谨慎.
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