让痴呆症患者参与卫生政策和指导方针制定的方法:一个范围审查
Felix Bühler1, Jennifer Geyer1, Gabriele Meyer1
1Institute of Health and Nursing Science, Medical Faculty of Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, University Medicine Halle, Halle (Saale), Germany.
概括
痴呆症患者经常被排除在卫生政策参与之外. 这次审查发现适应痴呆症的方法有限,突出了需要更好的方法,包括他们的声音在宏观层面的护理决策中.
科学领域:
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 公共卫生政策 公共卫生政策
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
背景情况:
- 患者和公众参与 (PPI) 对医疗保健,研究和政策至关重要.
- 痴呆症患者经常被排除在PPI倡议之外,特别是在卫生政策和指导方针制定的宏观层面.
- 关于痴呆症患者参与宏观层面的护理决策的证据有限.
研究的目的:
- 在护理的宏观层面上对痴呆症患者的患者和公共参与 (PPI) 的证据进行映射.
- 识别和分类用于将痴呆症患者纳入卫生政策和指南制定中的方法.
- 检查痴呆症患者参与宏观级别护理的结果和机制.
主要方法:
- 在多个数据库 (MEDLINE,CINAHL,Cochrane Library,GeroLit) 中进行系统搜索.
- 包括向前和向后引用搜索,手动跟踪,抽象书籍搜索和作者联系.
- 参与方法的分析,重点是有效的信息传输机制和贡献的结构化综合.
主要成果:
- 43份报告确定了35种参与方法,分为六种类型 (例如焦点小组,调查,会议).
- 大多数参与发生在政策/指南早期阶段,需要口头沟通;参与者通常患有轻度痴呆症.
- 参与成果的报告往往不清楚,只有九种方法使用了结构化贡献综合.
结论:
- 在宏观层面的护理中,对痴呆症适应参与的证据有限.
- 未来的研究应该探索适应方法的机制,以帮助沟通障碍或晚期痴呆症患者.
- 不完整的PPI举措报告阻碍了可重复性;建议遵守现有指南.
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