对成年人自我同情和依恋的元分析
Charlotte Hill1, Vasilis S Vasiliou1,2, Fuschia M Sirois3
1South Wales Clinical Psychology Training Programme, School of Psychology, Psychology Tower Building, Cardiff University and Cardiff and Vale University Health Board, Cardiff, UK.
Psychology and psychotherapy
|April 4, 2025
概括
自我同情与安全的依恋有积极的联系,与焦虑和回避的依恋风格有负面联系. 具有回避性依恋的老年人可能会经历较低的自我同情,建议针对性治疗.
科学领域:
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 临床心理学 临床心理学
- 附着理论 附着理论
背景情况:
- 在生命早期发展起来的依恋风格,会影响成年人的关系和自我认知.
- 自我同情,包括对自己的善意,对心理健康至关重要.
- 以前的研究表明,依恋和自我同情之间存在联系,但这些关联的强度尚未得到充分证实.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和元分析自我同情与不同依恋维度 (焦虑,回避,安全) 之间的关联.
- 量化这些关联的大小.
- 探索潜在的调节者,如年龄和人口类型,影响这些关系.
主要方法:
- 在SCOPUS,Web of Science和CINAHL数据库中进行了系统的文献搜索,确定了37项符合条件的研究.
- 进行了随机效应元分析,以计算自我同情和依恋维度之间的相关效应大小 (r值).
- 主持人分析检查了参与者的年龄,性别,人口类型和依恋度量的影响.
主要成果:
- 在自我同情和安全依恋之间发现了一个中等的积极关联 (ravg = .395).
- 在自我同情和焦虑的依恋 (ravg = -282) 和回避的依恋 (ravg = -280) 之间观察到中小的负面关联.
- 自我同情和回避性依恋之间的关联因参与者的年龄和人口类型而受到缓解,在老年人和社区样本中负面关联较大.
结论:
- 自我同情表现出与依恋维度的差异关联,正面与安全的依恋联系在一起,负面与不安全 (焦虑和回避) 的依恋联系在一起.
- 具有回避性依恋的老年人可能特别容易受到较低水平的自我同情.
- 建议以同情心为重点的治疗作为对焦虑或回避性依恋风格的个体的潜在有效干预.
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