一个随机试验护理人员为自闭症儿童提供基于功能的逃离治疗
Mindy Scheithauer1,2, Joanna Lomas Mevers1,2, Lawrence Scahill1,2
1Emory University, USA.
概括
与一般家长教育相比,基于功能的逃离治疗显著减少了自闭症儿童的逃离行为. 这种护理人员介导的干预措施改善了安全性和逃跑严重程度,显示了持久的影响.
科学领域:
- 行为科学 行为科学
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 临床心理学 临床心理学
背景情况:
- 自闭症儿童的逃跑带来了重大的安全风险和父母的压力.
- 现有的逃避行为治疗方法往往缺乏可靠的证据,因为样本规模小,方法多样化.
- 护理人员的参与对于儿童行为障碍的有效干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较护理人员介导的基于功能的离婚治疗与自闭症儿童的家长教育计划 (PEP) 的疗效.
- 评估基于功能的逃跑治疗对安全措施,逃跑严重程度和整体改善的影响.
- 评估治疗效益的维持以及干预的安全性/可接受性.
主要方法:
- 一项为期16周的随机临床试验,涉及76名自闭症儿童 (4-12岁).
- 干预组每周接受12次照顾者介导的基于功能的逃跑治疗.
- 对照组接受了一般家长教育计划 (PEP).
- 通过异常行为检查清单 - 过度活动,护理人员评级,逃跑问卷,护理人员收集的数据和临床全球印象改善量表来评估结果.
主要成果:
- 对于初级结局 (错误的行为检查清单-过度活跃) 没有发现任何显著的群体差异.
- 基于功能的逃跑治疗显示了二次结果的显著改善:安全措施 (p<0.01),逃跑严重程度 (p<0.01) 和护理人员收集的逃跑数据 (p<0.01).
- 一位治疗盲目的评估者认为,基于功能的逃离治疗组中的31.6%的情况有所改善,而PEP组的这一比例为2.6% (p=0.001).
- 在28周的随访期内,改善状况保持不变,消耗率低 (5.26%),没有报告的不良事件.
结论:
- 护理人员介导的基于功能的逃跑治疗优于一般的家长教育计划,用于减少自闭症儿童的逃跑行为.
- 该疗法在安全性和逃跑严重性方面显著改善,具有持续的影响.
- 基于功能的离婚治疗是一种安全,可接受和有效的干预措施,用于解决自闭症儿童的离婚问题.
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