后COVID-19时代的百日咳:复发,诊断和管理
Hyun Mi Kang1, Taek-Jin Lee2, Su Eun Park3
1Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
Infection & chemotherapy
|April 4, 2025
概括
随着COVID-19大流行,全球咳疫情正在激增,特别是在青少年和婴儿中. 这种复苏与自然免疫力下降和疫苗有效性下降有关,突出显示需要更新公共卫生战略.
科学领域:
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 百日咳 (百日咳) 是一种高度传染性的细菌性呼吸道感染,在世界各地流行.
- 流行病通常每2-5年发生一次,即使疫苗接种率很高.
- 在COVID-19大流行期间,流通量有所下降,但自2023年底以来,在全球范围内恢复了.
研究的目的:
- 为了分析近期全球百日咳的复苏.
- 为了确定年龄分布和抗菌素耐药性模式的变化.
- 了解导致当前百日咳流行病的因素.
主要方法:
- 全球和区域 (韩国,欧洲,中国) 报告的百日咳病例和发病率的分析.
- 检查特定年龄的发病率趋势.
- 审查导致免疫力下降和潜在的疫苗逃脱的因素.
主要成果:
- 自2023年底以来,全球百日咳病例迅速增加,恢复到大流行前的水平.
- 韩国报告说,自2024年6月以来,病例急剧增加,青少年 (13-15岁) 病例显著增加.
- 欧洲观察到婴儿和青少年 (10-19岁) 的发病率增加,而中国观察到年龄转移到年龄较大的儿童和增加的抗宏类*Bordetella pertussis*.
结论:
- 百日咳的全球复苏归因于COVID-19大流行期间自然感染的减少,提高免疫力,以及疫苗诱导的免疫力减弱.
- 观察到的年龄转移和抗菌素耐药性的增加需要持续监测和疫苗接种策略的潜在调整.
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