同时训练对脚 flexors 的 H 反射,V 波和收缩性质的影响:对不同阻力训练类型的洞察
Miguel Gomes1,2, André Gonçalves3,4, Pedro Pezarat-Correia4,5
1Neuromuscular Research Lab, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal, Estrada da Costa, Cruz Quebrada, 1499-002, Dafundo, Portugal. miguelgomes@fmh.ulisboa.pt.
European journal of applied physiology
|April 4, 2025
概括
同时训练 (CT) 可以干扰神经肌肉适应,但当抵抗训练专注于爆炸力时,这种效应会减少. 耐力训练可能仍然会损害收缩功能.
科学领域:
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 神经肌肉适应的过程
背景情况:
- 同步训练 (CT) 结合了阻力和耐力运动,但其对神经肌肉适应的影响仍在争论中.
- 了解CT中的干扰效应对于优化运动员训练计划至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 在受过训练的男性中,比较11周的同时训练 (CT),仅抵抗 (R) 和仅耐力 (E) 训练之间的神经肌肉适应.
- 研究CT中不同阻力训练阶段 (最大与爆炸强度) 对神经肌肉结果的影响.
主要方法:
- 30名训练有素的男性被随机分为E,R或CT组,每周训练三次.
- 神经肌肉评估包括最大自愿同度收缩 (MVIC),扭矩发展速度 (RTD),H反射,V波和收缩性质.
- 抵抗训练包括最大力量发展 (1-5周),然后是爆炸力/动力发展 (6-11周).
- 耐力训练包括30分钟的高强度跑步.
主要成果:
- 无论是R组还是CT组,MVIC的增加都相似.
- R组显著改善了RTD,唯一的EMG,V波和收缩性质.
- CT最初显示出干扰效应,在第一阶段没有RTD或神经肌肉改善.
- 在第二阶段,CT改进了顺序RTD,唯一的EMG和H和V波幅度.
- 耐力训练本身主要增强了H-反射刺激能力.
结论:
- CT对神经肌肉适应的干扰效应受阻力训练组件的特定焦点的影响.
- 在CT中,以爆炸力为重点的抵抗训练可能会减轻一些干扰效应.
- 在CT中持续的收缩功能障碍可能与重强度耐力训练有关.
相关概念视频
01:27Exercise and Muscle Performance
1.3K
Exercise induces a range of adaptations in muscle tissue, depending on the type and duration of activity. Such physical training can be broadly categorized into two types: endurance exercises and resistance exercises.
Endurance exercises
Endurance exercises involve running, swimming, or cycling, which require repetitive movements with low force output. When a person engages in endurance exercise, a few noticeable changes occur in their skeletal muscles. For instance, the number of capillaries...
Endurance exercises
Endurance exercises involve running, swimming, or cycling, which require repetitive movements with low force output. When a person engages in endurance exercise, a few noticeable changes occur in their skeletal muscles. For instance, the number of capillaries...
1.3K
01:20Motor Unit Stimulation
1.3K
When the neuron of a motor unit fires an action potential, it triggers a series of events, leading to a twitch contraction in the muscle fibers. The process of excitation-contraction coupling is crucial in relaying the action potential to the muscle fibers.
The latent period of contraction marks the onset of excitation-contraction coupling, when the action potential propagates across the sarcolemma, preparing the muscle fibers for contraction. As the fibers enter the contraction phase, the...
The latent period of contraction marks the onset of excitation-contraction coupling, when the action potential propagates across the sarcolemma, preparing the muscle fibers for contraction. As the fibers enter the contraction phase, the...
1.3K
01:08Reflex Activity
1.5K
A reflex activity is an automatic, involuntary response to specific stimuli. It is a part of our survival mechanism, designed to protect us from potential harm. For example, when a bright light suddenly shines into our eyes, we instinctively close them or look away. This is a simple reflex activity orchestrated by the nervous system without conscious thought or effort.
A reflex exam is a diagnostic procedure performed by a healthcare professional to evaluate the functionality of a patient's...
A reflex exam is a diagnostic procedure performed by a healthcare professional to evaluate the functionality of a patient's...
1.5K
01:22Muscle Stimulation Frequency
1.9K
The contraction strength of muscles is regulated by motor neurons, which modulate the frequency of action potentials dispatched to the motor units based on the body's requirements. This process of varying the muscle stimulation frequency allows muscles to contract with a force that is precisely tailored to the needs of the moment, whether lifting a feather or a heavy box.
Wave summation
At low firing rates, motor neurons induce individual twitch contractions in muscle fibers. These twitches...
Wave summation
At low firing rates, motor neurons induce individual twitch contractions in muscle fibers. These twitches...
1.9K
01:22Somatic Spinal Reflexes
1.6K
Somatic spinal reflexes are rapid, involuntary muscular responses to external stimuli that involve the somatic musculature and the spinal cord.
One of the most well-known somatic spinal reflexes is the stretch reflex, which is activated by the sudden stretching of a muscle. This reflex involves the activation of specialized sensory receptors called muscle spindles, which are located in the muscle tissue and detect changes in the length and speed of muscle contractions. When a muscle is suddenly...
One of the most well-known somatic spinal reflexes is the stretch reflex, which is activated by the sudden stretching of a muscle. This reflex involves the activation of specialized sensory receptors called muscle spindles, which are located in the muscle tissue and detect changes in the length and speed of muscle contractions. When a muscle is suddenly...
1.6K