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固体器官移植候选人和接受者的疫苗接种策略:见解和建议

Christopher Radcliffe¹, Camille N Kotton^2,3,4

¹Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.

Expert review of vaccines

|April 4, 2025

概括

疫苗对实体器官移植接受者至关重要,在移植手术前提供更好的保护. 及时的疫苗接种策略对于管理这些脆弱患者的疫苗可预防疾病至关重要.

科学领域:

免疫学免疫学免疫学
移植医学移植医学
传染性疾病传染性疾病

背景情况:

疫苗显著减少了固体器官移植接受者的疾病和感染死亡.
移植前的疫苗接种允许使用活体疫苗,并且由于免疫抑制,与移植后的疫苗接种相比,其疗效更高.

研究的目的:

为实体器官移植候选人和接受者概述一个一般的疫苗接种方法.
审查当前关于特定疫苗的指导方针和文献,包括针对呼吸道同胞病毒,旅行和职业暴露的疫苗.

主要方法:

审查指南声明和最新的科学文献.
讨论移植前和移植后阶段的疫苗接种策略.
包括特定的疫苗类型和特殊考虑,如旅行和职业.

主要成果:

移植前的疫苗接种对活体疫苗和整体疗效有利.
移植后的疫苗反应往往由于免疫抑制而减弱.
最近的进展包括针对呼吸道同胞病毒的疫苗.

结论:

疫苗接种对于预防固体器官移植受体感染至关重要.
优化疫苗的时间和类型对于最大限度地保护至关重要.
需要进一步的研究来评估疫苗在这个人群中的有效性,特别是考虑到越来越多的免疫受损个体和疫苗犹.

关键词:

新冠病毒疾病2019年疹子疹子疹子免疫性受损的人.流感流感流感流感流感实体器官移植移植实体器官移植旅行旅行医学旅行医学接种疫苗接种疫苗

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