美国学术医疗中心机构领导角色中的性别不平等:系统范围审查
Morgan S Levy1,2, Kelby N Hunt2, Kara A Lindsay2
1Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington.
JAMA network open
|April 4, 2025
概括
尽管努力促进多样性,但在学术医学领导层中性别不平等仍然存在. 妇女在院长和系主任等职位上仍然不充分代表,甚至在女性主导的专业中,需要进行系统性变革,以实现公平的代表性.
科学领域:
- 医学教育 医学教育
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
- 性别研究是性别研究.
背景情况:
- 学术医疗中心越来越多地关注性别平等倡议.
- 尽管有这些努力,但将其转化为多元化的机构领导层仍然是一个挑战.
研究的目的:
- 评估美国学术医疗中心内机构领导职位的性别不平等现状.
- 研究的关键领导角色包括院长,系主任和项目主任.
主要方法:
- 使用PubMed,CINAHL和ERIC数据库进行了系统范围审查.
- 搜索了2019年1月1日至2022年8月5日期间发表的文章,重点关注学术医学领导层的性别不平等.
- 根据PRISMA-ScR和Cochrane标准对研究进行了选和评估.
主要成果:
- 在8120篇获取的文章中,有94篇研究报告了领导力角色.
- 在所有领导职位中发现女性的代表性明显不足:院长 (19.5%),部门主席 (15.9%),部门负责人 (19.7%) 和项目主任 (21.9%).
- 在外科专业中性别差异很明显,即使在女性教师代表性较高的专业中,女性在主席和首席角色中也没有平等的代表.
结论:
- 尽管公布了公平的目标,但在学术医学领导层仍然存在相当大的性别差异.
- 某些医疗领域实际上将女性排除在领导层之外,甚至女性主导的领域也显示出明显的不平等.
- 迫切的组织和系统变化是必要的,以实现在学术领导层中平等的性别代表.
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