热烈的施罗丁格猫说,国家
Ian Yang1,2, Thomas Agrenius2,3, Vasilisa Usova1,2
1University of Innsbruck, Institute for Experimental Physics, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
Science advances
|April 4, 2025
概括
研究人员从混合状态创建了非经典状态,保持低纯度. 这项工作证明了在微波腔中产生"热"的施罗丁格猫状态,即使在高温下也是如此.
科学领域:
- 量子光学是一种量子光学.
- 量子信息科学 量子信息科学
- 洞穴 量子 电力学 量子电力学
背景情况:
- 达到极其纯净的量子状态对于观测量子现象至关重要,但仍然是一个重大的实验挑战.
- 混合量子状态通常表现出经典行为,阻碍它们在量子技术中的使用.
- 以前的方法通常需要极低的温度或复杂的冷却程序来准备非经典状态.
研究的目的:
- 从初始的混合状态中制备一个非经典的量子状态.
- 为了实现这种准备,使用故意保持初始低纯度的动力学.
- 为了证明在高温下产生量子叠加状态的过程.
主要方法:
- 运用了跨子量子位和微波腔模式之间的单元相互作用.
- 产生了位移热态的量子叠加,有效地创造了"热"的施罗丁格猫状态.
- 测量了准备状态的维格纳函数,以表征它们的非古典性和纯度.
主要成果:
- 成功准备的量子叠加状态从初始混合状态开始,纯度低至0.06.
- 空腔模式的温度高达1.8凯尔文,比物理环境要热得多 (60倍).
- 通过维格纳函数测量验证了这些高度混合的"热"施罗丁格猫状态的非经典性质.
结论:
- 展示了一种用于从混合状态生成非经典状态的新方法,而不需要基态冷却.
- 这种准备高度混合的量子叠加状态的技术可以适应其他连续变量量子系统.
- 在基态冷却很困难的系统中,为量子状态准备提供了一个有希望的途径,例如纳米机械振荡器.
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