在高度熟练的双语者中,过渡性选择性失言症是由左上旋电刺激引发的
Ileana Quiñones1,2, Sandra Gisbert-Muñoz3,4, Garazi Bermudez5,6
1Biogipuzkoa Health Research Institute, San Sebastian, Spain. ILIANA.QUINONESGONZALEZ@bio-gipuzkoa.eus.
Acta neurochirurgica
|April 5, 2025
概括
这项研究研究了大脑中的双语语言表现. 研究结果揭示了第一 (L1) 和第二 (L2) 语言的不同大脑区域,特别是在叶,推进了双语研究.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 语言学的语言学.
- 认知科学 认知科学
背景情况:
- 了解大脑如何处理多种语言对于认知神经科学至关重要.
- 关于双语语言表现的先前研究已经产生了关于共享与不同的神经基质的混合发现.
- 损伤可塑性对双语个体语言组织的影响仍然是研究的关键领域.
研究的目的:
- 为了确定第一 (L1) 和第二 (L2) 语言是否在共同或不同的大脑区域中表现出来.
- 使用手术内电刺激映射研究双语语言处理的神经组织.
- 检查双语个体的叶中的语言表现,而不会产生适应性可塑性的混效应.
主要方法:
- 在两个不生长病变的巴斯克语-西班牙语双语患者中采用了手术内电刺激映射 (ESM).
- 系统地刺激左叶内的特定区域,包括上旋转和下面的前后囊.
- 评估电刺激后的语言选择性缺陷 (口音障碍) 和非特定命名错误.
主要成果:
- 在左叶内发现了L1和L2的独特语言表征.
- 刺激后部和前部上时转移导致语言选择性失语症.
- 中部区域和下面的前后囊的刺激导致了非特定的命名错误.
结论:
- 这项研究提供了第一个和第二个语言的共同和独特神经位置的证据.
- 这些发现有助于更细致地了解双语大脑的组织原理.
- 该方法有效地区分了双语个体的语言特异性与非特异性处理区域.
相关概念视频
01:10Higher Mental Functions of the Brain: Language
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Language is a system of communication that allows the expression of thoughts, ideas, and feelings. The brain processes language in both hemispheres.
Language formation and comprehension take place in the dominant hemisphere. The dominant hemisphere is responsible for understanding the meaning of spoken, written, or sign language, as well as the ability to communicate. For most people, the left hemisphere is the dominant one. The right hemisphere, then, gives tone and emotional context to the...
Language formation and comprehension take place in the dominant hemisphere. The dominant hemisphere is responsible for understanding the meaning of spoken, written, or sign language, as well as the ability to communicate. For most people, the left hemisphere is the dominant one. The right hemisphere, then, gives tone and emotional context to the...
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01:28Lateralization
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Brain lateralization refers to the division of mental processes and functions between the two hemispheres of the brain, a phenomenon that optimizes neural efficiency and underpins complex abilities in humans. This specialization allows each hemisphere to perform tasks where it has a comparative advantage, facilitating more refined cognitive capabilities across different domains.
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01:27Language and Cognition
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Language serves as a bridge between ideas and communication, influencing how individuals perceive and interact with the world. Psychologists have long debated whether language shapes thought or vice versa. This discussion gained grip with Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s, who proposed that language determines thought, a concept known as linguistic determinism. They suggested that the vocabulary and structure of a language influence how its speakers think and perceive reality.
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