时间折扣和自我连续性:年龄依赖的模式和影响
Lulu Liu1, Yongle Lin2, Menghan Sun2
1Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Macau, Macao; Centre for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Institute of Collaborative Innovation, University of Macau, Macao.
Acta psychologica
|April 5, 2025
概括
年长的成年人表现出更大的时间折扣和自我连续性. 年轻的成年人具有更高的未来自我连续性折扣较少,老年人缺少的链接,揭示了特定年龄的决策差异.
科学领域:
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 行为经济学是一种行为经济学.
背景情况:
- 时间间决策涉及在即时奖励和延迟奖励之间做出选择,这一过程受到时间折扣的影响.
- 自我连续性,即随着时间的推移而成为同一个人的感觉,与时间折扣有关,但与年龄有关的影响尚未得到充分理解.
研究的目的:
- 调查年龄,自我连续性 (明确和隐含) 和时间折扣之间的关系.
- 为了确定年龄是否能缓和自我连续性和时间间选择之间的关联.
主要方法:
- 67名年轻人和52名老年人完成了时间折扣,明确的自我连续性和隐性自我连续性的评估.
- 进行了统计分析,以比较群体并检查相关性.
主要成果:
- 较年长的成年人比年轻的成年人表现出明显更高的时间折扣率和更大的明确自我连续性.
- 在年轻的成年人中发现明确的未来自我连续性和时间折扣之间的负相关性,但在老年人中没有.
- 在隐性自我连续性措施或与时间折扣相关的隐性自我连续性措施中没有观察到与年龄相关的差异.
结论:
- 年龄显著影响时间折扣和明确的自我连续性,它们之间的关系具有明显的特定年龄模式.
- 这些发现表明,针对决策的自我连续性的干预措施可能需要根据年龄量身定制.
- 需要进一步的研究,以充分阐明自我连续性和时间间选择的生命周期动态.
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