夜班工作和易受传染病的影响:系统性审查和元分析
Bette Loef1, Esmee Bosma, Linda W M van Kerkhof
1Center for Prevention, Lifestyle and Health; National Institute for Public Health and the Environment; P.O. Box 1, 3720 BA, Bilthoven, The Netherlands. bette.loef@rivm.nl.
Scandinavian journal of work, environment & health
|April 6, 2025
概括
夜班工作增加了SARS-CoV-2感染的风险,但不是像流感这样的常见呼吸道感染. 需要更多高质量的研究来证实这些关于感染易感性的发现.
科学领域:
- 职业健康 职业健康 职业健康
- 传染病流行病学 传染病流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 夜班工作越来越普遍,引发了人们对感染易感性的担忧,特别是在COVID-19后.
- 现有的关于夜班工人和感染的研究缺乏全面的综合.
- 了解这种关联对于公共卫生战略和工人保护至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和综合有关夜班工作与易受传染病影响的证据.
- 专门检查与常见呼吸道感染,SARS-CoV-2和其他感染的关联.
- 确定文献中的空白,并指导未来的研究方向.
主要方法:
- 在Embase和PsycINFO数据库中进行系统搜索,直到2024年9月.
- 纳入标准:工作人口,夜班和非夜班工人的比较,以及传染病的结果.
- 描述性合成和随机效应的元分析,以进行聚合效应估计.
主要成果:
- 对14项研究 (191,320名工人) 的分析显示,常见呼吸道感染的风险没有显著增加 (OR1.11,95% CI 0.97-1.27).
- 夜班工人患SARS-CoV-2感染的风险较高 (OR 1.31,95% CI 1.09-1.58),特别是在更高质量的研究和早期的流行病研究中.
- 证据的确定性非常低,原因是前性研究有限,不一致性很高.
结论:
- 夜班工作与SARS-CoV-2感染的风险增加有关.
- 在夜班工作和常见的呼吸道感染之间没有发现显著的关联.
- 需要进一步进行高质量的前性研究,以加强证据基础.
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