对不完整的撞车数据进行可靠的归算,以预测驾驶员受伤的严重程度
Xiaowei Gao1, Xinke Jiang2, Dingyi Zhuang3
1SpaceTimeLab, University College London (UCL), London, UK.
Accident; analysis and prevention
|April 6, 2025
概括
本研究引入了一种基于图形的新型归算框架,以解决交通事故记录中缺失的数据. 该方法准确地重建复杂的事故数据,改进了交通安全分析.
科学领域:
- 数据科学数据科学数据科学
- 运输工程 运输工程
- 机器学习 机器学习
背景情况:
- 交通事故分析面临的挑战是由于不完整的标准化多方事故记录.
- 传统的归算方法 (MICE,KNN) 在涉及多个道路使用者的事故数据中存在复杂的相互依赖性.
研究的目的:
- 开发一种新的基于图形的归算框架,用于处理标准化交通事故记录中缺少的数据.
- 通过维护数据完整性和关系,提高交通安全分析的准确性和可靠性.
主要方法:
- 一个基于图形的归算框架,在变压器-GNN架构中集成一个不准确匹配的二分位图与对比学习.
- 在英国交通事故记录 (2018-2022) 上进行测试,数据丢失率各不相同 (10%至70%).
- 使用下游损伤严重程度分类和可解释的SHAP值进行评估.
主要成果:
- 在从10%到70%的缺失数据率中实现了高的归算准确性 (99.24%至94.74%).
- 在伤害严重程度分类 (Gmean 62.19%) 中表现可靠,即使缺少70%的数据.
- 可解释的SHAP值证实了关键贡献因素的保留.
结论:
- 新的基于图形的归算框架有效地处理复杂的交通事故记录中缺少的数据.
- 该方法保持了数据完整性和基本的关系结构,推进了交通安全分析.
- 这种方法为各种崩类型和缺失数据场景提供了统一的解决方案.
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