自从森林砍伐以来,在亚马逊西部实施牧场的时间表:对溪水生物地质化学的影响
Felipe Rossetti de Paula1, Gabriel Lourenço Brejão2, María Angélica Pérez-Mayorga3
1Division of Tropical Ecosystems Functioning, Center for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Av. Centenário, 303, Piracicaba, SP 13416-000, Brazil; Department of Forest Sciences, "Luiz de Queiroz" College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Av. Pádua Dias, 11, CP 9, Piracicaba, SP 13418-900, Brazil.
The Science of the total environment
|April 6, 2025
概括
巴西亚马逊地区的土地利用变化严重降低了水质. 较老的牧场导致溪水化学的更大变化,突出显示了可持续土地管理的必要性.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 生物地质化学生物地质化学
- 水文学的水文学
背景情况:
- 水质恶化是一个由土地使用变化驱动的全球性问题.
- 巴西亚马逊地区大规模的森林砍伐对牧场产生影响,影响了土壤和溪水的生物地质化学.
- 以前的研究表明,亚马逊老牧场的土壤元素枯竭,但溪流水的影响仍然未被探索.
研究的目的:
- 评估森林砍伐时间对巴西朗多尼亚河流水生物地质化学的影响.
- 为了比较排水原始森林的溪流中的水化学,与最近和旧的牧场相比.
- 为了将水的生物地质化学与土地使用强度以及土壤类型和流域面积等共变量联系起来.
主要方法:
- 从1984年到2011年的森林砍伐地图.
- 2012年,41个山头水域的水样采集.
- 在原始森林 (PRI),新牧场 (NEW) 和旧牧场 (OLD) 水域之间比较水的生物地质化学.
- 与土地使用强度和共变量相关的水化学的统计分析.
主要成果:
- 牧场的实施显著改变了溪水的离子和营养度.
- 在新牧场和旧牧场之间观察到明显的水质影响.
- 较长的牧场使用与较低的酸盐 (NO3-),溶解有机碳 (DOC) 和溶解氧 (DOX) 以及较高的 (Ca2+), (Mg2+),溶解无机碳 (DIC) 和导电性 (COND) 相关联.
结论:
- 牧场退化与亚马逊森林砍伐的增加有关.
- 迫切需要恢复和加强牧场,以确保可持续性并防止进一步的环境退化.
- 实施最佳管理实践,例如沿海森林缓冲区,对于保护水资源至关重要.
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