执行职能和金融风险承担:认知灵活性的关键作用和风险感知的调解效应
Katarzyna Sekścińska1, Diana Jaworska1, Joanna Rudzińska-Wojciechowska2
1Faculty of Psychology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
概括
认知灵活性独特地预测了投资和博中的金融风险承担. 风险感知调解了这种联系,而工作记忆影响了博风险,抑制控制没有影响.
科学领域:
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 行为经济学是一种行为经济学.
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
背景情况:
- 执行职能对于决策至关重要.
- 执行职能在承担金融风险方面的具体作用尚不清楚.
- 了解这些联系可以为金融行为模型提供信息.
研究的目的:
- 研究执行功能 (抑制性控制,工作记忆,认知灵活性) 与金融风险承担 (投资,博) 之间的关系.
- 检查风险感知在这些关系中的调解作用.
- 澄清不同执行职能对财务决策的不同贡献.
主要方法:
- 这是一项在线相关研究,共有399名参与者.
- 通过使用Go/No-Go (抑制控制),Trail Making Test (认知灵活性) 和2-back任务 (工作记忆) 评估执行功能.
- 衡量金融风险倾向,激励任务执行和风险感知.
主要成果:
- 认知灵活性积极预测了投资和博的风险承担倾向和选择风险性.
- 风险感知显著调解了认知灵活性和财务风险承担之间的联系.
- 工作记忆预测了博的风险承担,但抑制控制与金融风险承担没有显著的关系.
结论:
- 认知灵活性是影响不同领域金融风险承担的关键执行职能.
- 风险感知在认知灵活性如何转化为金融风险行为方面发挥着关键的调解作用.
- 未来的研究应该探索基于认知灵活性和风险感知的有针对性的干预措施,用于财务决策.
相关概念视频
01:19High-Level and Low-Level Awareness
231
Controlled processes in human consciousness represent high-alert mental states where individuals deliberately focus their attention on achieving specific goals. Controlled processes can be seen in situations like mastering new technology, where a person might become so absorbed that they ignore surrounding distractions. Such processes involve selective attention, requiring one to concentrate on particular elements of experience while disregarding others. These are governed by executive...
231
01:20Lazarus's Cognitive Appraisal Theory
108
Cognitive psychologist Richard Lazarus proposed the cognitive-mediational theory of emotions, which emphasizes how individuals' assessments of stressors significantly affect their experience of stress. According to Lazarus, the stress response is determined by a two-step appraisal process: primary appraisal and secondary appraisal. These cognitive appraisals help individuals evaluate the potential impact of a stressor and determine the adequacy of their coping resources.
Primary Appraisal:...
Primary Appraisal:...
108
02:05Self-Presentation: Self-Monitoring and Self-Handicapping
38.6K
People can go to great lengths to protect their self-image and present themselves in ways that they want others to see them. Sociologist Erving Goffman presented the idea that a person is like an actor on a stage. Calling his theory dramaturgy, Goffman believed that we use “impression management” to present ourselves to others as we hope to be perceived. Each situation is a new scene, and individuals perform different roles depending on who is present (Goffman, 1959). Think about...
38.6K
01:30Information Processing Approach
23
The information-processing theory of cognitive development centers on fundamental mental processes, including attention, memory, and problem-solving skills. Researchers in this field examine how cognitive abilities, such as working memory, evolve and influence children's overall development. Studies indicate that children with stronger working memory tend to excel in reading comprehension, math, and problem-solving compared to peers with less efficient memory skills. Low working memory is...
23
01:37Reason and Intuition
6.3K
The human brain processes information for decision-making using one of two routes: an intuitive system and a rational system (Epstein, 1994; popularized by Kahneman, 2011 as System 1 and System 2, respectively). The intuitive system is quick, impulsive, and operates with minimal effort, relying on emotions or habits to provide cues for what to do next, while the rational system is logical, analytical, deliberate, and methodical. Research in neuropsychology suggests that the...
6.3K
02:45Self-Discrepancy Theory
18.2K
One influential perspective on what motivates people's behavior is detailed in Tory Higgin's self-discrepancy theory (Higgins, 1987). He proposed that people hold disagreeing internal representations of themselves that lead to different emotional states.
18.2K