与艾滋病毒相关的无症状神经认知障碍中的功能和结构网络变化:在结构变化之前的功能障碍的证据
Zhongkai Zhou1, Wenru Gong1, Hong Hu2
1Department of Radiology, Beijing YouAn Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment
|April 7, 2025
概括
早期的艾滋病毒相关神经认知障碍 (HAND) 显示功能性脑网络变化,而不是结构性变化. 增强的功能结构合可能表明早期的突触损伤,有助于诊断.
科学领域:
- 神经成像是一种神经成像.
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 医疗成像医学成像
背景情况:
- 与艾滋病毒相关的神经认知障碍 (HAND) 代表了艾滋病毒感染者的神经复杂症谱.
- 无症状神经认知障碍 (ANI) 阶段是HAND最早可检测的阶段,其特点是微妙的认知缺陷.
- 了解NI的潜在神经机制对于早期检测和干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 通过使用多式核磁共振 (MRI) 来研究无症状神经认知障碍 (ANI) 患者的功能和结构性大脑网络的变化.
- 在早期的HAND背景下,探索大脑内功能结构合的变化.
- 确定潜在的成像生物标志物,用于早期诊断与艾滋病毒相关的神经认知障碍.
主要方法:
- 在95名参与者中利用静止状态fMRI和扩散张力成像 (47名HIV-ANI,48名对照).
- 构建功能和结构连接矩阵和应用图形理论分析.
- 采用机器学习分类器来开发和评估基于神经成像特征的诊断模型.
主要成果:
- 两组之间没有观察到结构网络拓学的显著差异.
- 在功能网络中发现了显著的重组,特别是视觉,执行控制和默认模式网络.
- 在头和额头网络中增强的功能结构合与免疫状态和认知表现相关. 一个分类模型实现了0.962.6的AUC.
结论:
- 功能网络重组和ANI中功能结构合的改变可能表明早期的突触损伤.
- 这些神经成像发现为HAND进展提供了潜在的早期预警信号.
- 这项研究提供了敏感的生物标志物,用于HAND的早期诊断和干预.
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