关于美国莱姆病的知识,对接种疫苗的态度和风险行为的种族差异
Madiha Shafquat1, Niyati Patel2, Brandon McFadden2,3
1Vaccines and Antivirals Medical Affairs, Pfizer US Commercial Division, Cambridge, MA, United States.
Frontiers in public health
|April 7, 2025
概括
在莱姆病 (LD) 知识和风险行为方面存在种族差异. 白人报告了更高的LD意识和更多的户外活动,而黑人则表达了更大的疫苗担忧,可能会影响LD健康结果.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 健康差异 在健康上的差异
背景情况:
- 莱姆病 (LD) 发病率在美国的区域不同,在种族群体中观察到显著差异.
- 现有的研究表明,基于种族,LD严重程度和结果的潜在变化.
研究的目的:
- 调查知识的种族差异,对接种疫苗的态度,以及与莱姆病相关的风险做法.
- 确定导致LD发病率和严重程度种族差异的潜在因素.
主要方法:
- 在LD高发病率管辖区和邻近州的成人和儿童照顾者进行了四项基于网络的调查.
- 受访者通过在线小组招募,自我报告的种族被分为"白人"",黑人或非裔美国人"或"其他".
- 分析按司法管辖区类型 (高发病率与邻近) 和受访者类型 (成年人与照顾者) 分层.
主要成果:
- 白人受访者年龄较大,收入较高,与其他种族群体相比,更有可能居住在农村地区.
- 虽然一般的疫苗态度相似,但黑人受访者报告的疫苗问题比白人受访者更多.
- 白人受访者更频繁地从事户外活动,但高发病率地区的白人和黑人受访者不太可能从事户外活动.
- 与白人受访者相比,黑人受访者对LD的知识较低,即使对州发病率和城市化程度进行了调整.
结论:
- 确定了LD知识,疫苗态度和风险行为中的种族差异.
- 白人报告了更高的LD知识,更少的疫苗担忧,以及更频繁的参与风险实践.
- 这些意识和行为上的差异可能导致莱姆病结果中观察到的种族不平等.
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