人工智能在儿科重症监护中的作用:系统性审查
Almontasir Belah Alsadig Abdalwahab Abdallah1, Sally Ibrahim Hafez Sadaka2, Elryah I Ali3
1Department of Pediatrics, Maternity and Children Hospital, Najran, SAU.
Cureus
|April 7, 2025
概括
人工智能 (AI) 显示出改善儿科重症监护结果的前景. 然而,目前的证据有限,需要更严格的研究来确认AI.
科学领域:
- 关键护理医学 关键护理医学
- 医疗保健中的人工智能
- 儿科健康结果的结果
背景情况:
- 人工智能 (AI) 有潜力通过提高患者的治疗结果,诊断准确性和程序效率来彻底改变儿科重症监护室 (PICU).
- 人工智能在PICU中的应用是一个新兴领域,研究越来越多.
- 需要进行系统的评估,以了解人工智能在儿科重症监护中的当前影响和未来潜力.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和概述人工智能 (AI) 的应用,以提高儿科重症监护中的健康结果.
- 评估当前关于人工智能实施的证据基础及其对PICU患者结果的影响.
- 确定研究缺口,并指导未来对人工智能在儿科重症监护中的作用的调查.
主要方法:
- 在四个主要数据库中进行了系统搜索:PubMed,Scopus,Web of Science和IEEE Xplore.
- 267项已识别的研究的初始选涉及删除重复和基于标题的相关性评估.
- 在应用预定义的包含/排除标准后,包括了32项研究,并使用PROBAST工具评估了偏差.
主要成果:
- 只有22%的纳入研究表明,人工智能对儿科重症监护的健康结果产生了立即的积极影响.
- 大多数研究 (78%) 显示人工智能模型的表现优于传统方法,这表明对患者的治疗结果有间接好处.
- 在结果指标中观察到显著的异质性,在38%的研究中报告了特异性,在56%的研究中报告了AUROC.
结论:
- 目前的证据不足以明确指出,人工智能显著提高了儿科重症监护患者的健康结果.
- 研究的很大一部分集中在实验测试上,而不是在实际PICU中直接实施AI.
- 进一步的前性,实验性研究与验证的结果措施,标准化指标和既定框架对于评估AI真正的影响至关重要.
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