环境敏感性是否与理解育儿有关? 对幼儿母亲的观察研究
Francesca Lionetti1, Maria Spinelli2, Guy Bosmans3
1Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia.
概括
父母对环境的敏感性 (ES) 影响了孩子的抚养. 较高的ES可以是一个风险或保护因素,这取决于诸如不良童年经历和生理自我调节等经验.
科学领域:
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 育儿研究研究 育儿研究
背景情况:
- 父母面临着不断的感官和情绪刺激.
- 环境敏感性 (ES) 反映了个体对刺激反应的差异.
- 现有研究经常将父母的ES视为风险因素,主要使用自我报告措施.
研究的目的:
- 调查环境敏感性 (ES) 在孩子生命的第一年期间的育儿行为中的作用.
- 检查ES如何与不利的童年经历和母亲生理自我调节相互作用.
- 探索ES对家长能力和对环境和生理因素的敏感性的影响.
主要方法:
- 与意大利母亲及其婴儿进行的两项独立观察研究.
- 研究1追踪了41名母亲和婴儿从3到9个月,观察父母的行为.
- 第二项研究涉及55名3个月大婴儿的母亲,评估ES,育儿压力,不良童年经历和呼吸道鼻失常 (生理自我调节).
主要成果:
- 在研究1中,更高的ES最初与父母侵入性增加相关,该行为减少了9个月.
- 在第二项研究中,当母亲有不良童年经历史 (脆弱性效应) 时,更高的ES与不太适应的育儿和更多的压力有关.
- 更高的ES预测了更适应的育儿,当生理自我调节 (呼吸道鼻失常) 也很高时.
结论:
- 环境敏感性 (ES) 与较差的育儿技能并没有固有的联系.
- ES调节父母对外部因素 (不良童年经历) 和内部生理状态 (呼吸道鼻失常) 的反应能力.
- 研究结果表明,ES可以是一把双刃剑,根据背景对育儿有好与坏的影响.
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