全球海洋入侵者的遗传遗传
Erik E Sotka1, Ryan B Carnegie2, James T Carlton3
1Department of Biology, College of Charleston, Charleston, SC 29412.
概括
了解物种转移历史是预测未来适应和生态影响的关键. 这项研究使用太平洋来揭示历史移植如何传播入侵物种,影响全球生态系统.
科学领域:
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 侵袭生物学 侵袭生物学
- 遗传学 遗传学 是一个
背景情况:
- 19世纪和20世纪物种转移为经济带来了好处,但也改变了生态系统.
- 转移物种的入侵历史往往不清楚,限制了对它们的适应潜力和作为载体的作用的理解.
- 太平洋是一种被广泛移植的海洋物种,具有重要的引入历史.
研究的目的:
- 开发一个框架来重建迁移物种的入侵历史.
- 确定主要载体 (移植与运输) 负责太平洋和相关物种的全球传播.
- 了解历史转移对当前物种分布和适应潜力的遗留影响.
主要方法:
- 分析本地太平洋的单核酸多态 (SNPs) 在种群层面的变化.
- 绘制SNP变化的地图,以确定全球扩张的来源地区.
- 使用近似贝叶斯计算 (ABC) 来比较或运输载体的可能性,以解释被入侵物种的基因型分布.
主要成果:
- 本地太平洋的种群遗传结构反映了日本的地理位置,使得源种群的识别成为可能.
- 太平洋成功地在与其原生息地相似的环境温度的非原生地区建立了根基.
- 移植被确定为14种共同入侵物种中的6种更可能的载体,而在5种物种中,航运更有可能.
结论:
- 开发的框架有效地重建了历史的转移途径,并确定了主要载体.
- 太平洋作为其他非本土物种传播的重要载体,对入侵生物学有影响.
- 这种方法可以应用于其他转移物种,以揭示类似的遗留效应,特别是基础物种.
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