调整区域供暖结构与中国各省气候目标的挑战
Shuting Jia1, Xiaona Wu1, Yanghao Liu1
1College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206, China.
Journal of environmental management
|April 7, 2025
概括
脱碳中国的区域供暖至关重要. 一个新的框架表明,扩大供暖网络和推进热对于实现碳中和目标以及减少燃煤炉和发电厂的排放至关重要.
科学领域:
- 能源系统分析 能源系统分析
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 气候变化缓解缓解 气候变化缓解
背景情况:
- 中国的区域供暖是主要的能源消费者,也是空气污染和二氧化碳排放的重要来源.
- 燃煤工业炉 (CFIB) 和热电厂 (CHP) 是这些排放的主要贡献者.
- 目前供暖基础设施的局限性阻碍了有效的脱碳战略.
研究的目的:
- 为评估中国区域供暖行业脱碳战略的成本效益制定一个可概括的框架.
- 量化各种清洁供暖策略的减排潜力和省级兼容性.
- 评估在不同情景下满足未来供暖需求的可行性.
主要方法:
- 设施级成本效益分析框架.
- 2020年从区域供暖产生的SO2,NOx,PM2.5和CO2的排放量量化.
- 对供暖结构调整和网络扩建的场景分析.
- 评估省份与碳中和目标的兼容性.
主要成果:
- 2020年,中国的区域供暖排放了1.2 × 10^9二氧化碳和大量空气污染物.
- CFIB和CHP是主要的排放来源,贡献30%-57%的二氧化碳和46%-65%的空气污染物.
- 有限的供暖网络范围 (15公里) 限制了CFIB的拆除,在某些地区促进了生物质炉的采用.
- 大多数省份面临的挑战是如何用当前的战略来满足未来的供暖需求.
结论:
- 推迟热电站退役和扩大供暖网络到50公里是必要的.
- 推进热和储能技术对于可持续的供暖至关重要.
- 需要采取综合战略,才能在中国的供暖行业实现具有成本效益的脱碳和碳中和目标.
相关概念视频
01:50Global Climate Change
24.0K
Throughout its ~4.5 billion year history, the Earth has experienced periods of warming and cooling. However, the current drastic increase in global temperatures is well outside of the Earth’s cyclic norms, and evidence for human-caused global climate change is compelling. Paleoclimatology, the study of ancient climate conditions, provides ample evidence for human-caused global climate change by comparing recent conditions with those in the past.
24.0K
01:16What is Climate?
18.1K
Climate refers to the prevailing weather conditions in a specific area over an extended period. As the saying goes, “Climate is what you expect. Weather is what you get.” Climate is influenced by geographic factors, such as latitude, terrain, and proximity to bodies of water.
18.1K
01:27Thermal expansion and Thermal stress: Problem Solving
1.1K
San Francisco's Golden Gate Bridge is exposed to temperatures ranging from -15 °C to 40 °C. At its coldest, the main span of the bridge is 1275 m long. Assuming that the bridge is made entirely of steel, what is the change in its length between these temperatures?
To solve the problem, first, identify the known and unknown quantities. The initial length (L) of the bridge is 1275 m, the coefficient of linear expansion (α) for steel is 12 x 10-6/°C, and the change in...
To solve the problem, first, identify the known and unknown quantities. The initial length (L) of the bridge is 1275 m, the coefficient of linear expansion (α) for steel is 12 x 10-6/°C, and the change in...
1.1K
01:26Design Example: Sustainability in Concrete Building
145
As the construction industry moves towards more eco-friendly practices, concrete's adaptability and its ability to incorporate sustainable features make it a key material in the drive towards greener building solutions.
There are multiple approaches to achieve sustainability in a commercial concrete building. For instance, construct a concrete parking area under the building, utilizing pervious concrete paver blocks in open areas to facilitate rainwater collection through an underground...
There are multiple approaches to achieve sustainability in a commercial concrete building. For instance, construct a concrete parking area under the building, utilizing pervious concrete paver blocks in open areas to facilitate rainwater collection through an underground...
145
01:27Cold Weather Concreting
43
When freshly poured concrete is exposed to freezing temperatures before it has set, the water within the concrete can freeze. This expansion disrupts the setting process, delays chemical reactions necessary for hardening, and increases the volume of pores within the hardened concrete, which weakens its overall structure. If the concrete manages to reach an appreciable strength before it freezes, the damage can be somewhat mitigated.
To counteract the negative impacts of cold weather, ensuring...
To counteract the negative impacts of cold weather, ensuring...
43
01:22Mass Concreting
47
Mass concreting refers to the process of placing large volumes of concrete, such as in gravity dams. The heat generated during the cement hydration process and differential cooling rates within the concrete mass can lead to a temperature gradient, which can result in thermal cracks in the concrete mass.
To reduce the risk of such cracking, the concrete mix may incorporate low-heat cement and pozzolans to reduce the temperature rise. Pre-cooled angular aggregates and water-reducing admixtures...
To reduce the risk of such cracking, the concrete mix may incorporate low-heat cement and pozzolans to reduce the temperature rise. Pre-cooled angular aggregates and water-reducing admixtures...
47