神经认知功能及其影响因素在艾滋病毒/艾滋病感染者身上
Qiuling Lu1, Qian Ye2, Dan Chen3
1Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410003. luqiulingg@163.com.
概括
神经认知障碍影响着超过一半的艾滋病毒/艾滋病感染者 (PLWHA). 低CD4计数和晚期疾病阶段显著增加了这种人群的认知功能障碍的风险.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 人类免疫缺陷病毒 (HIV) 相关的神经认知障碍 (HAND) 很普遍,影响全球高达42.6%的艾滋病毒/艾滋病感染者 (PLWHA).
- 早期识别和干预对于管理HAND和改善患者结果至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 在PLWHA中调查神经认知障碍的患病率.
- 在PLWHA中识别影响神经认知功能的因素.
- 为早期检测和干预策略提供证据.
主要方法:
- 一项横截面研究从2019年6月到8月包括了375名18岁及以上的PLWHA.
- 使用简要神经认知屏幕 (BNCS) 评估神经认知功能,包括数字符号测试 (DST) 和跟踪测试A和B (TMT-A,TMT-B).
- 损伤是由至少一个测试维度的异常得分来定义的.
主要成果:
- 在375个研究的PLWHA中,超过一半 (56.5%) 患有神经认知障碍.
- 较高的损伤率与女性性别,年龄≥50,低教育程度和异性传播有关.
- 较低的CD4+T细胞数量 (<200细胞/毫米3) 和WHO临床阶段 (II-IV) 的晚期显著与神经认知障碍风险增加有关.
结论:
- 较低的CD4+T细胞数量和WHO临床阶段的晚期是PLWHA中神经认知障碍的重要风险因素.
- 神经认知功能障碍的风险随着CD4+T细胞数量的减少和临床阶段的进展而增加.
- 这些发现强调了监测PLWHA患者的认知功能的重要性,特别是那些患有晚期疾病或CD4计数较低的人.
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