自闭症的认知和大脑衰老研究:对新兴主题的系统审查
Marine Bessé1,2, Shasha Morel-Kohlmeyer2,3, Emmanuelle Houy-Durand2,3
1Centre de Recherches Sur la Cognition et l'Apprentissage (CeRCA), Team "Vieillissement et Psychopathologie de la Mémoire" UMR CNRS 7295, University of Tours, University of Poitiers, Tours, France.
概括
自闭症的衰老在各个研究中都没有显示出一致的模式. 对自闭症认知和大脑衰老的研究是混合的,结果因研究设计和方法而异.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 老年学是指老年学的学科.
背景情况:
- 自闭症中的衰老是一个尚未探索的研究领域.
- 了解自闭症个体的认知和大脑衰老对于支持至关重要.
- 现有的研究呈现出一个复杂而往往矛盾的画面.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和综合有关自闭症认知和大脑衰老的研究.
- 在加速,并行和保护衰老假设的背景下检查研究结果.
- 识别当前文献中的不一致性和差距.
主要方法:
- 系统地搜索PubMed和APAPsycInfo数据库,直到2024年1月.
- 包括有关自闭症认知 (处理速度,执行功能,记忆) 和/或大脑 (结构,功能) 衰老的英语研究.
- 使用QualSyst规模进行质量评估;36项研究符合纳入标准.
主要成果:
- 在三个衰老假设 (加速,并行,保护) 中没有出现一致的模式.
- 结果根据研究方法 (横截面与纵截面) 和使用的特定措施而有显著的差异.
- 横截面研究倾向于平行或保护假设,而纵向研究则建议平行或加速衰老.
结论:
- 关于自闭症的认知和大脑衰老概况缺乏共识.
- 参与者的年龄,并发症,生活方式和认知储备等因素可能会影响研究结果.
- 进一步的纵向研究对于澄清衰老轨迹和为自闭症患者提供支持策略至关重要.
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