老年人的地中海饮食,体力活动和骨健康:一项随机临床试验的二次分析
Héctor Vázquez-Lorente1,2,3, Jesús F García-Gavilán1,2,3, Sangeetha Shyam1,2,3
1ANUT-DSM (Alimentaciò, Nutrició Desenvolupament i Salut Mental), Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain.
包括减少地中海饮食和增加体育活动在内的生活方式干预有助于老年女性保持骨矿物质密度 (BMD). 这种方法减轻了与年龄相关的骨质损失,这表明这种人口群体对骨健康有好处.
科学领域:
- 老年学是指老年学的学科.
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 骨的新陈代谢 骨的新陈代谢
背景情况:
- 骨质恶化是与衰老和减肥有关的问题.
- 生活方式的干预可能会影响骨健康.
- 代谢综合征在老年人中很普遍.
研究的目的:
- 评估减肥生活方式干预对骨矿物质密度 (BMD),骨矿物质含量 (BMC) 和低BMD患病率的影响.
- 为了评估低能量的地中海饮食和体育活动对骨健康标志物的影响.
主要方法:
- 一项为期3年的随机临床试验 (PREDIMED-Plus) 涉及55-75岁的成年人,患有代谢综合征和超重/肥胖.
- 干预组:减少能量的地中海饮食和增加体力活动.
- 对照组:自由选择的地中海饮食,没有促进体力活动.
- 在基线和1,3年内用DXA测量的BMD和BMC;治疗意图分析.
主要成果:
- 与对照组相比,干预组在3年内显著增加了腰椎骨髓 BMD (P=.05).
- 这种对BMD的保护作用在女性 (P=.005) 中是显著的,但在男性中并非如此.
- 没有观察到对总BMC或低BMD患病率的显著整体3年干预效应.
结论:
- 低能量的地中海饮食和体力活动干预措施缓解了代谢综合征的老年妇女与年龄相关的骨质量下降.
- 这种生活方式干预表明,它有望在特定人群中保持骨健康.
- 需要进一步的研究和更长的随访,以证实这些发现.
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