支持母乳养的初级保健行为咨询干预措施:美国预防服务工作组建议声明
, Wanda K Nicholson1, Michael Silverstein2
1George Washington University, Washington, DC.
JAMA
|April 8, 2025
概括
对于母乳养的初级护理咨询对母亲和婴儿有适度的好处. 美国预防服务工作组建议在怀孕期间和产后进行这些干预措施以改善健康结果.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生
- 预防医学
- 母婴健康
背景情况:
- 哺乳对孩子和母亲都有明显的健康益处.
- 美国目前的母乳养率仍然很低,只有59.8%的婴儿在6个月后被母乳养,27.2%的婴儿被母乳养.
- 低母乳养率表明需要有效的支持干预措施.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查旨在支持母乳养的初级保健行为咨询干预措施的益处和危害的证据.
- 为临床实践提供有关母乳养的建议.
主要方法:
- 美国预防服务工作组 (USPSTF) 委托进行系统审查.
- 该审查评估了有关初级保健机构行为咨询干预措施的证据.
- 焦点群体包括孕妇或产后青少年和成年人,以及他们的婴儿和儿童.
主要成果:
- 支持母乳养的初级护理行为辅导干预显示出中等的净益.
- 这些干预措施与母亲和婴儿的健康结果有关.
- 证据表明,利益与危害的平衡是有利的.
结论:
- USPSTF建议提供干预或转诊以支持母乳养.
- 这些建议适用于怀孕期间和分娩后.
- 证据支持"B"建议,表明净收益的确定性很高.
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