高强度间歇训练对老年人身体形态,心肺功能和代谢指标的影响:系统性审查和元分析
Jie Men1, Chengrui Zhao1, Chenmin Xiang1
1Fenyang College, Shanxi Medical University, Fenyang, China.
Frontiers in endocrinology
|April 9, 2025
概括
高强度间歇训练 (HIIT) 在老年人中显著改善身体脂肪,心肺健康和高密度胆固醇. 虽然其他一些健康标志物没有显著变化,但HIIT为老龄化人口提供了潜在的好处.
科学领域:
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
- 心血管健康 心血管健康
背景情况:
- 对老年人高强度间歇训练 (HIIT) 的兴趣日益增长.
- 在这个人口群体中缺乏对HIIT的热效应的全面分析.
- 之前的研究集中在有限的结果或特定的子组.
研究的目的:
- 系统地评估HIIT对老年人身体组成,心肺功能和代谢参数的影响.
- 综合来自随机对照试验 (RCT) 的证据.
主要方法:
- 在多个数据库 (PubMed,科学网等) 中进行系统的文献搜索. 在2023年7月之前.
- 包括87个RCT,涉及4,213名老年人.
- 进行元分析,评估HIIT的效果.
主要成果:
- 在体脂百分比 (BF%),最大氧气摄入量 (VO2max),最大心率 (HRmax) 和高密度胆固醇水平上观察到显著改善.
- 没有对缩血压 (SBP),静止心率 (HRrest),甘油三 (TG) 或低密度脂蛋白 (LDL) 的显著影响.
- 敏感性分析表明,腰围 (WC) 和禁食血葡萄糖 (FPG) 的潜在改善,但结果缺乏稳定性.
结论:
- HIIT对老年人的身体健康,特别是心肺功能有潜在的益处.
- 需要进一步的高质量研究来证实这些影响.
- 研究结果为临床实践,健康管理和老年人HIIT指南制定提供了参考.
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