肝脏的其他主要上皮质新生体
1Department of Pathology, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA.
Advances in anatomic pathology
|April 9, 2025
概括
本综述检查了罕见的肝癌,除了肝细胞癌和肝内胆管癌之外. 准确诊断这些具有挑战性的瘤对于改善患者的治疗结果至关重要.
科学领域:
- 肝胆病理学 肝胆病理学
- 胃肠道瘤学 胃肠道瘤学
- 瘤的分类和诊断方法
背景情况:
- 主要肝癌 (PLC) 是一个重要的全球健康问题,肝细胞癌 (HCC) 和肝内胆管癌 (iCCA) 是最常见的类型.
- 存在更罕见的PLC形式,不符合标准HCC或iCCA分类,呈现诊断复杂性.
- 这些包括联合肝细胞 - 胆管癌 (cHCC-CCA),中间细胞癌 (ICC),混合肝细胞 - 神经内分泌癌和未分化的原发性肝癌.
研究的目的:
- 审查罕见初级肝癌的异质组,这些罕见的初级肝癌不属于典型的HCC和iCCA分类.
- 讨论诊断挑战,分类更新 (WHO 2019),以及对这些罕见实体进行准确诊断的重要性.
- 为了强调与这些具有挑战性的肝癌相关的不良预后.
主要方法:
- 对罕见的初级肝癌亚型的文献综述.
- 诊断标准的分析,包括形态特征和免疫组织化学染色.
- 讨论最新的世界卫生组织 (WHO) 对cHCC-CCA的分类 (2019年第五版).
主要成果:
- 结合性肝细胞胆管癌 (cHCC-CCA) 的特征是肝细胞和胆管细胞分化.
- 中间细胞癌 (ICC) 是cHCC-CCA的一种亚型,细胞表现出中间特征和双标记物表达.
- 其他罕见类型包括混合肝细胞-神经内分泌癌和未分化原发性肝癌,所有这些都造成诊断困难.
结论:
- 精确诊断罕见的原发性肝癌是必不可少的,因为他们具有挑战性的组织学和不良预后.
- 2019年世界卫生组织分类强调了诊断cHCC-CCA的形态学和免疫组织化学.
- 对于这些复杂的肝脏恶性瘤,需要进一步的研究和标准化诊断方法.
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