西班牙马德里儿科急诊室患者的COVID-19演变:一个单中心的回顾性研究
Miguel Angel Molina Gutiérrez1, Isabel Fernández Castiella2, Patricia Blanco Gros2
1Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain. miguelangel.molina@salud.madrid.org.
概括
儿童COVID-19病例,特别是在婴儿中,随着时间的推移显示出不断演变的临床迹象和症状. 发烧和呼吸道问题是最常见的,并指出了变种特定的关联.
科学领域:
- 儿童传染病 儿童传染病
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 自2019年底以来,COVID-19 (冠状病毒疾病2019) 显著影响了全球健康.
- 西班牙经历了多次SARS-CoV-2 (严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒2) 波浪,临床表现和病毒菌株各不相同.
- 了解COVID-19在儿童中的时间演变对于公共卫生战略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 分析随着时间的推移,COVID-19在儿科患者的临床表现的变化.
- 调查特定SARS-CoV-2变种与儿童临床症状之间的关联.
- 描述马德里儿科COVID-19病例的人口和临床特征.
主要方法:
- 在2020年3月至2024年10月期间,对已确诊的SARS-CoV-2感染的儿科患者 (0-18岁) 进行单中心,回顾性研究.
- 数据收集包括人口统计,临床症状和住院率.
- 根据不同研究期间流传的SARS-CoV-2变种占主导地位,患者被分组.
主要成果:
- 分析了1949例儿童COVID-19病例;中位数年龄为1.2岁,婴儿 (1-12个月) 受影响最多 (43.4%).
- 发烧 (77.6%) 和呼吸道症状 (68.8%) 是最常见的症状.
- 在XBB变种和发烧/上呼吸道症状/喉炎和Omicron BA.2与胃肠道症状之间发现了显著的关联.
结论:
- 儿童的COVID-19临床表现和年龄分布已经发生了变化.
- 在整个大流行期间,1-12个月的婴儿始终是受影响最严重的群体.
- 发烧和上呼吸道症状仍然是儿科COVID-19的主要临床特征.
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