风力轮机噪音污染通过丰富度的变化减少了歌鸟的声音存在
Yael Lehnardt1, Tom Klein2, Jesse R Barber3,4
1Mitrani Department of Desert Studies, The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Midreshet Ben Gurion, 8499000, Israel. lehnardt@post.bgu.ac.il.
概括
风力轮机噪音大大减少了歌鸟的数量和自然息地的呼叫. 这项研究表明,噪音污染影响野生动物,影响声环境,并可能损害正在减少的鸟类种群.
科学领域:
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 生物声学是一种生物声学.
- 环境科学 环境科学
背景情况:
- 风力轮机有助于环境噪音污染,但它们对野生动物,特别是歌鸟的影响尚未完全理解.
- 关于风力轮机噪声对鸟类行为和声学通信的不利影响的知识存在差距.
研究的目的:
- 研究风力轮机噪声对撒丁岛 (Curruca melanocephala momus) 的声学环境和行为的影响.
- 为了评估鸟类数量的变化,呼叫活动,以及响应模拟风力轮机噪音的声音存在.
主要方法:
- 利用"幻象风力轮机"的方法,在自然息地播放风力轮机噪音.
- 在暴露于噪音之前,期间和之后,监测了撒丁岛鸟的呼叫和丰富度.
- 分析了人均呼叫力和相对于噪音水平和区域外围的声音存在的概率.
主要成果:
- 在噪音处理过程中,平均呼叫数量下降了25%,平均鸟类数量下降了43%.
- 在控制丰度时,没有发现对单个鸟类呼叫努力的显著影响.
- 与外围地区相比,核心噪音污染地区的声音存在概率下降了63%.
结论:
- 风力轮机噪音大大减少了鸟类的数量,并改变了声音环境.
- 观测到的声学环境的变化主要是由鸟类数量减少所驱动的,而不是个人声乐活动的直接变化.
- 强调风能基础设施造成的噪音污染对生态的影响,强调需要可持续发展来保护歌鸟种群.
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