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Colloidal precipitates01:09

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The high insolubility of some precipitates can result in an unfavorable relative supersaturation. This can lead to colloidal particles with a large surface-to-mass ratio, where adsorption is promoted. For instance, in the precipitation of silver chloride, silver ions are adsorbed on the surface of the colloidal particles, forming a primary layer. This layer attracts ions of opposite charge (such as nitrate ions), forming a diffuse secondary layer of adsorbed ions. This electric double layer...
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Children at play often make suspensions such as mixtures of mud and water, flour and water, or a suspension of solid pigments in water known as tempera paint. These suspensions are heterogeneous mixtures composed of relatively large particles that are visible to the naked eye or can be seen with a magnifying glass. They are cloudy, and the suspended particles settle out after mixing. On the other hand, a solution is a homogeneous mixture in which no settling occurs and in which the dissolved...
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Children at play often make suspensions such as mixtures of mud and water, flour and water, or a suspension of solid pigments in water known as tempera paint. These suspensions are heterogeneous mixtures composed of relatively large particles visible to the naked eye or seen with a magnifying glass. They are cloudy, and the suspended particles settle out after mixing. The suspended particles in a suspension settle out after some time of mixing. The separation of particles from a suspension is...
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评估 colloidal 纳米晶体之间的耗尽吸引力.

Charles K Ofosu1, Tanner A Wilcoxson2, Tsung-Lun Lee2

  • 1Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at Austin, 2506 Speedway, Austin, TX 78712, USA.

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概括

由聚合物驱动的透性耗尽吸引力在氧化物纳米晶体的纳米尺度上得到证实. 这种由经典理论可预测的机制影响纳米粒子相互作用和体结构.

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科学领域:

  • 体科学是一种体科学.
  • 纳米粒子相互作用的相互作用
  • 聚合物物理 聚合物物理

背景情况:

  • 对于微球来说,透性耗尽吸引力是众所周知的,但对于纳米球来说,这种吸引力不那么明显.
  • 由于各种纳米粒子分散相互作用,与非吸附聚合物实现硬纳米圈相互作用是具有挑战性的.
  • 托卢烯中的氧化物纳米晶体提供了一个模型系统,表现出接近硬球的行为.

研究的目的:

  • 调查古典枯竭理论是否适用于硬纳米球之间的聚合物介导的吸引力.
  • 评估聚合物大小相对于纳米晶体大小在枯竭相互作用中的作用.
  • 在纳米尺度的实验观测对理论预测的验证.

主要方法:

  • 利用小角度X射线散射 (SAXS) 来研究氧化物纳米晶体分散中的相互作用.
  • 采用了聚乙烯消耗剂作为可穿透球体的经典建模.
  • 分析了相位边界,透性病毒系数和体结构.

主要成果:

  • 经典枯竭理论准确地预测了高达纳米晶体半径80%的聚合物半径的相位边界和结构.
  • 纳米晶体的二次透性病毒系数与理论预测一致.
  • 在较大的聚合物-纳米晶体尺寸比率下观察到的枯竭相互作用的减弱与理论模型相匹配.

结论:

  • 对聚合物-纳米晶相互作用的耗尽机制在纳米尺度上得到了验证.
  • 经典理论为预测纳米粒子系统中的耗尽吸引力提供了定量框架.
  • 聚合物物理显著影响耗尽物相互作用,影响体行为.