美国印第安人和阿拉斯加原住民成年人中潜在可预防的住院治疗,2016-2021年
Bionca M Davis1, Sara Bressler2, Andria Apostolou3
1Arctic Investigations Program, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Anchorage, AK, United States; Epidemic Intelligence Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States.
潜在可预防的住院治疗在美国印第安人/阿拉斯加土著成年人中很常见,特别是老年农村居民. 针对性预防保健,如疫苗接种,可以减少这些住院治疗并改善健康结果.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 医疗保健的不平等 医疗保健的不平等
- 预防医学 预防医学
背景情况:
- 潜在可预防性住院 (PPH) 是医疗保健获取和质量的衡量标准.
- 之前的数据表明,与其他阿拉斯加人相比,阿拉斯加原住民成年人中的PPH率更高.
- 这项研究研究了全国范围内美国印第安人/阿拉斯加土著 (AI/AN) 成人的PPH趋势.
研究的目的:
- 评估2016年至2021年美国AI/AN成年人中PPH的发病率和趋势.
- 确定与该人口中PPH相关的人口统计学和特定疾病因素.
主要方法:
- 利用印度卫生服务国家患者信息报告系统 (NPIRS) 的医院出院数据.
- 计算并比较每1000名AI/AN成年人PPH年平均年龄调整率.
- 对两种急性 (肺炎,尿道感染) 和四种慢性 (糖尿病,心力衰竭,呼吸道,高血压) 疾病进行PPH评估.
主要成果:
- 在AI/AN成年人中的310,889例住院病例中,共有40,400例 (13%) 被归类为PPH,年率为7.6/1000.
- 从2016年至2019年,利率保持稳定,但在2020年至2021年下降,可能是由于COVID-19大流行.
- 老年人 (≥65岁) 和农村居民在所有研究的疾病中表现出明显更高的PPH率,特别是社区获得的肺炎.
结论:
- 针对性预防护理和门诊管理对于农村地区的AI/AN老年人至关重要,以减少住院治疗和医疗保健成本.
- 接种疫苗,特别是针对呼吸道感染的疫苗,在AI/AN成年人中具有显著的潜力,可以减少可预防的住院治疗.
更多相关视频
06:55Inverse Probability of Treatment Weighting Propensity Score using the Military Health System Data Repository and National Death Index
Published on: January 8, 2020
06:16Signal Acquisition, Score Interpretation, and Economics of a Non-Invasive Point-of-Care Test for Coronary Artery Disease
Published on: August 9, 2024
相关概念视频
Healthcare Associated Infections II: Preventive Measures
The best practices for preventing healthcare-associated infections include hand hygiene, patient risk...
Issues And Trends In Healthcare Delivery System
Cost Containment
Payment for healthcare services has historically promoted adoption of costly and often unnecessary or inefficient...
Preventive Healthcare Services
Levels of Health Promotion and Illness Prevention
In primary prevention, actions taken before disease onset prevent the disease from...
Healthcare Associated Infections I: Iatrogenic, Exogenic and Endogenic
HAIs significantly increase the cost of health care. Extended stays in healthcare institutions, increased disability, increased costs of medications, including specialized antibiotics, and prolonged recovery times add to the patient's expenses and the healthcare institution and funding bodies.
Introduction To Health Care Delivery System
The Institute of Medicine (IOM) advocates for a patient-centered, effective, safe, timely, equitable, and effective healthcare system. The National Priorities...
