在精神疾病中白质形态学的多尺度异质性
Ashlea Segal1, Robert E Smith2, Sidhant Chopra3
1Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Monash Biomedical Imaging, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Wu Tsai Institute, Department of Neuroscience, Yale University, New Haven, United States.
概括
精神疾病中的白质体积偏差高度个性化,患者之间很少有重叠. 然而,在自闭症和精神分裂症网络中观察到白质量减少的常见模式.
科学领域:
- 神经成像是一种神经成像.
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
- 大脑形态测量 - - 大脑形态测量
背景情况:
- 经典的群体平均值研究忽略了精神疾病中个体间的变化.
- 规范性建模表明,群体介质并不代表大多数灰色物质的个体.
- 白质形态学的变化,对大脑功能至关重要,并未得到充分理解.
研究的目的:
- 在六种精神疾病中调查白质体积偏差的个体间变异性.
- 在多个空间尺度上描述这些偏差的异质性.
主要方法:
- 应用曲率贝叶斯线性回归规范模型到T1加权MRI数据.
- 分析了1294例注意力缺陷/多动症,自闭症,双相情感,严重抑郁症,强迫症和精神分裂症的病例,以及1465例对照病例.
- 开发了一个框架来分析从voxels到大规模大脑网络的偏差异性.
主要成果:
- 白质体积偏差在参与者之间高度异质,在声素水平 (<8%) 几乎没有重叠.
- 在多达69%的自闭症和精神分裂症患者中,负偏差 (较低的体积) 聚合在共同的区域,区域和网络中.
- 白质偏差的发生率低于以前在灰质中看到的.
结论:
- 白物质体积偏差在voxel分辨率上高度个性化和异质.
- 在特定的途径和网络内减少白质体积的聚合在精神分裂症和自闭症中很明显.
- 研究结果强调了需要针对个人的方法来理解精神障碍中的大脑形态学.
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