估计干预措施对疫苗接种增加的影响:系统审查和元分析
Jiayan Liu1, Yingli Zhang1, Haochun Zhang1
1School of Design, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
BMJ global health
|April 9, 2025
概括
全球疫苗接种率正在下降. 这项研究分析了319项研究,发现对话,提醒/召回和多组件干预措施有效地提高了疫苗接种率,定制方法是关键.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 卫生政策 卫生政策
背景情况:
- 全球疫苗接种率已下降至近15年来的最低水平,需要有效的干预措施.
- 人们认识到需要对疫苗接种干预策略进行严格的评估.
- 了解不同类型干预措施的有效性对于公共卫生政策至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 进行评估疫苗接种干预有效性的研究的全球综合.
- 评估四个主要干预主题对疫苗接种率的影响.
- 确定促进全球疫苗接种覆盖率的最佳策略.
主要方法:
- 一项对319项研究的元分析,涉及41个国家的约6,125,795名参与者.
- 分析了四个干预主题的数据:基于对话,基于激励,基于提醒/召回和多组件.
- 计算效果大小 (相对风险) 以量化干预的有效性.
主要成果:
- 基于对话的干预措施使疫苗接种率提高了43.1% (RR).
- 提醒/召回干预措施使疫苗接种率提高了38.5% (RR),特别是在疫苗系列完成时.
- 多组件干预措施的效果最高 (54.3%的增长,RR),特别是对话,激励和提醒/回忆的组合.
结论:
- 干预措施,特别是对话,提醒/召回和多组件策略,对于提高疫苗接种率是有效的.
- 为特定人群量身定制干预措施,并战略性地结合方法,提高了有效性.
- 优化干预策略对于改善全球疫苗接种覆盖率和拯救生命至关重要.
关键词:
公共卫生 公共卫生
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