Estibaliz Valdeolmillos1, Athenaïs Boucly2, Marc Humbert2

  • 1Department of Congenital Heart Diseases, Centre de Référence Malformations Cardiaques Congénitales Complexes (M3C), Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, les hôpitaux Paris Saint-Joseph et Marie Lannelongue, 92350 Le Plessis-Robinson, France; Faculty of Medicine, Université Paris-Saclay, 94270 Le Kremin-Bicêtre, France; Inserm UMR-S 999, Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, 92350 Le Plessis-Robinson, France.

概括

艾森门格综合征的风险分层,这是先天性心脏病中肺动脉高血压的严重形式,具有挑战性. 目前的风险评分缺乏具体性,需要进一步评估预测因素,例如6分钟的步行距离.

相关概念视频

Esophageal Strictures-I: Introduction01:30

Esophageal Strictures-I: Introduction

Esophageal strictures involve abnormal narrowing or tightening of the esophagus. They vary in length and severity, ranging from mild constriction to complete obstruction, and are classified as benign (noncancerous) or malignant (cancerous).
Etiology
The primary cause of esophageal strictures is long-standing gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), accounting for about 70 to 80% of adult cases. Chronic acid reflux can lead to injury and scarring of the esophageal lining, culminating in...
39
Pathophysiology of Heart Failure01:17

Pathophysiology of Heart Failure

Heart failure (HF) is a progressive syndrome involving ventricles that leads to inadequate cardiac output. It can be classified based on location and output or ejection fraction. Ejection fraction (EF) is an essential measurement in the diagnosis and surveillance of HF. Reduced EF corresponds to systolic heart failure (HFrEF). However, HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is becoming increasingly prevalent. Also known as diastolic HF, this form of HF is related to aging. The...
1.4K
Barrett Esophagus-I: Introduction01:21

Barrett Esophagus-I: Introduction

Barrett's esophagus is a medical condition where the esophageal mucosa is significantly damaged by stomach acid or other digestive fluids, often due to long-term exposure associated with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). In GERD, a weakened or abnormally relaxed lower esophageal sphincter allows stomach acid to flow persistently into the esophagus.
This constant acid exposure transforms the esophagus's pink mucosal lining (stratified squamous epithelium) into a type of lining more...
45