在色脂肪细胞分化过程中,代谢和转化控制之间的交叉对话
Daehwa Youn1, Boseon Kim2,3, Dahee Jeong1,2,3
1Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea.
Nature communications
|April 9, 2025
概括
这项研究揭示了翻译控制如何影响热源性脂肪细胞代谢. 它发现选择性mRNA翻译变化在色脂肪细胞发育过程中改变了线粒体功能和细胞结构.
科学领域:
- 细胞和分子生物学 细胞和分子生物学
- 代谢调节 代谢调节 代谢调节
- 脂肪细胞生物学 脂肪细胞生物学
背景情况:
- 转化调节在热性脂肪细胞发育中的作用在很大程度上是未知的.
- 了解这些机制对于代谢健康和能源支出研究至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 研究色脂肪细胞中代谢和转化调节之间的相互作用.
- 为了阐明翻译控制如何影响脂肪生成期间的细胞和代谢特征.
主要方法:
- 在前体到色脂肪细胞分化过程中分析时间翻译活性和蛋白质水平.
- 高分辨率的核糖体概况绘制以映射核糖体定位并识别暂停地点.
- 研究谷氨酸代谢及其对tRNA充电和翻译的影响.
主要成果:
- 确定了氧化酸化 (OXPHOS) 组件mRNAs (复合物I,III,IV,V) 的选择性翻译下调.
- 观察到TCA循环基因翻译的协调增强,改变线粒体静态度和代谢活性.
- 发现潜在的核糖体暂停在谷氨酸密码子,与改变的谷氨酸代谢和减少的tRNA充电有关.
- 证明,核糖体暂停减少了富含谷氨酸的基因的蛋白质合成和mRNA稳定性,包括那些参与actin细胞骨组织的人.
结论:
- 在色脂肪细胞中发现了代谢和转化调节之间的两个新交叉通话途径.
- 转化控制显著塑造了热源性脂肪细胞中的线粒体功能和细胞结构.
- 受代谢变化影响,核糖体停留在特定的编码子上,充当影响基因表达和细胞过程的调节机制.
更多相关视频
06:08Author Spotlight: Semi-Automated Isolation of the Stromal Vascular Fraction from Murine White Adipose Tissue Using a Tissue Dissociator
Published on: May 19, 2023
2.0K
04:46Differentiation and Imaging of Brown Adipocytes from the Stromal Vascular Fraction of Interscapular Adipose Tissue from Newborn Mice
Published on: February 3, 2023
1.2K
相关概念视频
02:23Master Transcription Regulators
6.8K
Master transcription regulators are regulatory proteins that are predominantly responsible for regulating the expression of multiple genes. Often these genes work in concert to drive a complex process. Activation of a master transcription regulator can lead to a cascade of transcriptional activation necessary for that outcome. These regulators can directly bind to the regulatory sequences of the various genes involved, or they can indirectly regulate transcription by binding to regulatory...
6.8K
01:28Forced Transdifferentiation
1.8K
Transdifferentiation, also known as lineage reprogramming, was first discovered by Selman and Kafatos in 1974 in silkmoths. They observed that the moths’ cuticle-producing cells transformed into salt-producing cells. Many such cases of natural transdifferentiation occur in organisms. In humans, pancreatic alpha cells can become beta cells. In newts, the loss of the eye’s lens causes the pigmented epithelial cells to transdifferentiate into the lens cells.
Artificial...
Artificial...
1.8K
01:23Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps
849
The gene expression in cells is regulated at different stages: (i) transcription, (ii) RNA processing, (iii) RNA localization, and (iv) translation. Transcriptional regulation is mediated by regulatory proteins such as transcription factors, activators, or repressors—these control gene expression by initiating or inhibiting the transcription of genes. Once a precursor or pre-mRNA is produced, it undergoes post-transcriptional modification, including 5' capping, splicing, and the...
849
02:24Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps
22.0K
Gene expression can be regulated at almost every step from gene to protein. Transcription is the step that is most commonly regulated. This involves the binding of proteins to short regulatory sequences on the DNA. This association can either promote or inhibit the transcription of a gene associated with the respective sequence.
Transcription results in the generation of precursor (pre-mRNA) that consists of both exons and introns, which needs further processing before being translated to a...
Transcription results in the generation of precursor (pre-mRNA) that consists of both exons and introns, which needs further processing before being translated to a...
22.0K
01:58Cell Specific Gene Expression
13.3K
Multicellular organisms contain a variety of structurally and functionally distinct cell types, but the DNA in all the cells originated from the same parent cells. The differences in the cells can be attributed to the differential gene expression. Liver cells, whose functions include detoxification of blood, production of bile to metabolize fats, and synthesis of proteins essential for metabolism, must express a specific set of genes to perform their functions. Gene expression also varies with...
13.3K
01:19Regulation of Metabolism
9.2K
Cellular needs and conditions vary from cell to cell and change within individual cells over time. For example, the required enzymes and energetic demands of stomach cells are different from those of fat storage cells, skin cells, blood cells, and nerve cells. Furthermore, a digestive cell works much harder to process and break down nutrients during the time that closely follows a meal compared with many hours after a meal. As these cellular demands and conditions vary, so do the amounts and...
9.2K