与灭野火相关的非呼吸系统健康风险和死亡率:系统性审查
Asmare Gelaw1, Win Wah1, Deborah C Glass1
1Monash Centre for Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, 553 St Kilda Road, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia.
概括
林大火的打击对应急救援人员构成风险,有证据表明短期心理健康影响和受伤. 与普通人群相比,志愿消防员的死亡率和癌症风险较低.
科学领域:
- 职业健康 职业健康 职业健康
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 布什火灾 (野火/森林火灾) 应援人员面临着独特的职业危险.
- 对林消防员的非呼吸系统健康影响和死亡风险的理解有限.
- 需要数据来制定有效的预防策略,为森林火灾响应人员提供数据.
研究的目的:
- 综合关于与林大火作战相关的非呼吸系统健康风险和死亡率的证据.
- 批判性地评估现有的关于野火战斗机健康结果的研究.
主要方法:
- 在Medline,Scopus和Embase数据库中进行系统的文献搜索.
- 包括评估森林火灾灭火人员的发病率,死亡率或风险因素的研究.
- 使用标准化工具进行包含的研究的独立质量评估.
主要成果:
- 包括27项研究,大多数被评为质量低或中等.
- 越来越多的证据表明,野火战斗对心理健康的短期不良影响和伤害.
- 与普通人群相比,志愿消防员在中年时的死亡率和癌症风险较低.
结论:
- 目前的研究设计 (横截面,回顾性) 限制了可靠的结论.
- 具有更高质量的前性研究和长期跟进至关重要.
- 鉴于森林火灾的频率和严重性日益增加,了解长期健康结果至关重要.
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