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功能连接学揭示了小鼠视觉皮层的通用连接规则
Zhuokun Ding1,2,3,4, Paul G Fahey1,2,3,4, Stelios Papadopoulos1,2,3,4
1Center for Neuroscience and Artificial Intelligence and Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
Nature
|April 9, 2025
概括
大脑连接遵循不同层和区域的"相似"规则, 通过特征调整而不是位置调整, 驱动突触连接. 这一原则有助于生物和人工系统的感官处理和学习.
科学领域:
- 神经科学
- 计算神经科学
- 系统神经科学
背景情况:
- 了解神经电路连接是解读大脑计算的关键.
- 在小鼠视觉皮层中,具有相似响应特性的神经元显示优先的突触连接.
- 在皮层和区域的更广泛的连接规则仍然在很大程度上未知.
研究的目的:
- 使用MICrONS数据集分析皮质层和区域的突触连接和神经元功能性质.
- 研究类似互联互通原则的普遍性.
- 区分特征和空间调节在突触连接中的作用,并探索更高层次的连接规则.
主要方法:
- 分析毫米尺度MICRONS数据集的突触连接性和功能性质.
- 使用数字双胞胎模型将神经元调整分为特征和空间组件.
- 采用循环神经网络 (RNN) 来建模连接规则并进行废除研究.
主要成果:
- 具有相似反应特性的神经元在层和区域内和跨层之间表现出优越的连接性,包括反连接.
- 神经特征调整,而不是空间受体场位置, 预测细度的突触连接.
- 一个更高阶规则揭示了下游 postsynaptic神经元队伍的功能相似性比对规则预测的更大.
- 经过对分类任务的培训,RNN开发了反映生物规则的连接模式,破坏"类似"连接会损害RNN的性能.
结论:
- 通过功能调整驱动的"同类"连接是整个视觉层次的普遍原则.
- 高级连接规则有助于神经回路的功能相似性.
- 这些连接原则对感官处理和学习具有功能意义.
- 生物神经网络和人工循环神经网络之间存在共同的原则.
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