时间和空间的和管理差异:使用CAFE框架对切萨皮克湾的案例研究
Tan Zou1, Eric A Davidson1,2, Robert D Sabo3
1Appalachian Laboratory, University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science, Frostburg, MD, United States of America.
概括
有效的营养管理是可持续性的关键. 这项研究发现,大部分的 (N) 和 (P) 损失发生在耕地之外,但废物流提供了替代肥料的潜力.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 农业科学 农业科学
- 生态系统管理 生态系统管理
背景情况:
- (N) 和 (P) 管理对于可持续农业和环境保护至关重要.
- 切萨皮克湾 (CB) 流域现有的努力集中在农场和城市处理上,忽视了系统间的营养物流.
- 层次 CAFE (作物系统,动物作物系统,食品系统和生态系统) 框架为评估营养管理提供了一个整体的方法.
研究的目的:
- 通过CAFE框架评估CB流域的农业和城市系统的营养管理绩效.
- 分析N和P预算的时空模式,并利用CAFE四个层次结构中的效率.
- 确定改善营养回收和循环利用的机会,以减轻损失和环境风险.
主要方法:
- 开发一个为期三十年 (1985-2019) 的县级营养预算数据库,用于CB流域.
- 在CAFE框架内分析N和P预算的时空模式和利用效率.
- 估计农田以外的废物流中的营养资源及其抵消肥料投入的潜力.
主要成果:
- 在90%以上的县里,潜在的N和P损失在耕地之外 (在动物作物,食品和生态系统中) 显著增加.
- 废物流中的可回收的营养资源理论上可以抵消超过60%的县的矿物肥投入.
- 潜在损失中N:P比率的增加对下游水生生态系统构成新兴的风险,原因是N和P不平衡.
结论:
- 该CAFE框架揭示了整个系统的权衡和协同作用在营养管理跨越农业环境边界.
- 在N和P管理中存在差异,突出了对综合战略的需求.
- 通过这种系统的方法,可以确定增强CB流域整体营养管理的新机遇.
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