在引入新疫苗的以公平为导向的战略之后,覆盖率的趋势,秘鲁,2004-2022年
Larissa A N Silva1, Francine S Costa1, Bianca O Cata-Preta2
1International Center for Equity in Health and Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Marechal Deodoro, 1160 Pelotas, RS, 96020-220, Brazil.
Bulletin of the World Health Organization
|April 10, 2025
概括
秘鲁的疫苗战略最初促进了贫困地区的疫苗覆盖率. 然而,富裕的儿童总是有更高的疫苗接种率,这表明需要家庭层面的向来减少差异.
科学领域:
- 全球健康 全球健康
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
- 健康 公平 卫生 公平
背景情况:
- 秘鲁实施了一项战略,在贫困地区引入新的疫苗,这些地区的儿童死亡率很高.
- 了解这一战略对疫苗覆盖率和社会经济差异的影响至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估秘鲁在最贫困地区的疫苗引入战略的结果.
- 评估疫苗覆盖率,贫困和社会经济地位之间的关联.
主要方法:
- 对全国代表性健康调查 (2004-2022) 的分析,涉及49,023名18-29个月龄的儿童.
- 区域层面的生态分析和使用家庭财富五分位数的个人层面分析.
- 从家庭记录中获得的疫苗接种数据;根据国家财富指数定义的贫困.
主要成果:
- 最初的生态分析显示,贫困与Hib,肺炎球菌和轮状病毒疫苗的覆盖率之间存在积极联系,这些疫苗随着时间的推移而消失.
- 个人层面的分析始终显示,来自富裕家庭的儿童的疫苗接种率更高.
- 在2018-2022年,覆盖率在最富裕的五分之一中比最贫穷的高10个百分点;Juntos现金转移计划改善了低收入家庭的覆盖率.
结论:
- 秘鲁的战略最初减少了疫苗覆盖率的区域差异.
- 疫苗接种的社会经济差异仍然存在,富裕的儿童始终以更高的速度接种疫苗.
- 建议将地理定位与家庭层面的战略相结合,以消除持续的社会经济不平等.
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