暴露前睡眠和情绪状态的差异与高压环境中的成功和失败有关:特种部队选择
Harris R Lieberman1, John A Caldwell1, Emily K Farina1
1Military Nutrition Division, U.S. Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, Massachusetts, USA.
概括
课程前的情绪和睡眠质量影响美国陆军特种部队评估和选择 (SFAS) 的结果. 虽然被选中的候选人报告了情绪和睡眠的改善,但仅仅这些因素不足以预测他们在苛刻的SFAS课程中的个人成功.
科学领域:
- 军事心理学 军事心理学
- 人类绩效优化 人类绩效优化
- 选择和培训 科学科学 选择和培训
背景情况:
- 美国陆军特种部队评估和选择 (SFAS) 是一门严格的19-20天课程,旨在识别精英士兵.
- 只有30-40%的候选人成功完成了SFAS,突出了极端的身体和精神需求.
- 了解影响成功的因素对于优化候选人选择和培训至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 检查课程前自我报告的情绪状态和睡眠质量/数量与SFAS成功或失败之间的关联.
- 确定情绪和睡眠变量是否可以预测特种部队训练候选人选择.
主要方法:
- 分析了2015-2017年间接受SFAS的780名男性士兵的数据.
- 在课程前使用经过验证的问卷:情绪状态概况 (POMS),愤怒反应度维度 (DAR),杜克大学社会支持问卷 (Duke-SSQ),GAD-7和匹兹堡睡眠质量指数 (PSQI).
- 使用后勤回归的群体差异和预测能力的统计评估.
主要成果:
- 在被选中和未被选中的候选人之间,在SFAS前的情绪和睡眠中观察到显著的差异.
- 被选中的候选人报告了更好的情绪 (更高的活力,友好;较低的抑郁,愤怒,疲劳,困惑) 和睡眠质量/数量.
- 与未被选中的同龄人相比,被选中的候选人还报告了较低的愤怒反应能力和较少的社会支持.
结论:
- 课程前的情绪状态和睡眠质量/数量显示了成功和不成功的SFAS候选人之间的差异.
- 尽管观察到差异,但这些心理和睡眠相关因素不足以创建一个准确的预测模型来预测个体的SFAS成功.
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