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不合理拒绝医疗治疗:伦理考虑
Enrico Furlan1, Alberto Giannini2
1Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy - enrico.furlan@unipd.it.
Minerva anestesiologica
|April 10, 2025
概括
医疗保健专业人员面临着道德困境,当患者由于非理性的信念拒绝拯救生命的治疗时. 审议模式鼓励医生与患者进行对话,尊重通过说服而不是立即接受的自主权.
科学领域:
- 生物伦理学生物伦理学
- 医学伦理 医学伦理
- 医学哲学 医学哲学
背景情况:
- 患者自主权是医学伦理的基石,但当患者基于非理性信念或错误信息拒绝治疗时,其应用是复杂的.
- 随着COVID-19的流行,人们面临的挑战是,知情同意原则可能无意中支持错误的信息,不合理的决策,从而给医疗保健提供者带来道德悖论.
- 区分理性,非理性和非理性的治疗拒绝对于导航这些道德复杂性至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 检查因非理性信念和错误信息而拒绝医疗治疗的患者所产生的道德挑战.
- 为了证明医疗保健专业人员在面对不合理的治疗拒绝时所经历的道德痛苦.
- 倡导一个审议模式,强调医生参与和在道德界限内的说服力.
主要方法:
- 概念分析和道德论证.
- 拒绝治疗的三种类型有区别:理性,非理性和非理性.
- 探索对患者自主权和医生与患者关系的影响.
主要成果:
- 面对非理性拒绝的医疗保健专业人员的道德痛苦是一种合理的反应,反映了正确的道德倾向.
- 立即接受非理性拒绝表明对患者自主权和医生患者关系的肤浅理解.
- 一个涉及医生主导的对话和说服的审议模式在道德上得到支持.
结论:
- 医生有道德义务与病人进行对话并尝试说服,尊重他们作为道德代理人.
- 当时间允许时,说服的尝试不是父权主义的,而是源于对自主权的更深入理解,培养更真实的选择.
- 这种方法维护了医生与患者关系的完整性,并促进了真正的自主决策.
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