地下能量流决定了树木多样性对地表和地下食物网的影响
Huimin Yi1, Olga Ferlian1, Benoit Gauzens2
1German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Puschstraße, Leipzig 04103, Germany; Institute of Biology, Leipzig University, Puschstraße, Leipzig 04103, Germany.
Current biology : CB
|April 10, 2025
概括
树木多样性的丧失影响了生态系统的能量流. 增加树木多样性可以增强地下能源转移,促进整体生态系统功能,并将地面和地下的食物网连接起来.
科学领域:
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 土壤科学 土壤科学
- 食物网络动力学 食物网络动力学
背景情况:
- 全球树木多样性的减少威胁着生态系统的稳定性和功能.
- 了解热带层间的能量流动对于生态系统健康至关重要.
- 菌根协会在调解这些过程中的作用尚未得到充分探索.
研究的目的:
- 研究树木多样性如何影响地面和地下的能量流.
- 量化土壤微生物和无脊椎动物对生态系统能量转移的贡献.
- 评估菌根类型 (状菌根 - AM和生体菌根 - EcM) 对食物网结构和能量流动的影响.
主要方法:
- 在树木菌根多样性实验中,结合了160个地面和地下的食物网.
- 基于菌根类型的差异化治疗:只有AM,只有EcM (1,2,4种) 和混合AM+EcM (2,4种).
- 量化能量流向微生物和无脊椎动物,以分析食物网的动态.
主要成果:
- 大多数初始能量流入地下;土壤微生物 (97.7%) 和地下动物 (60.9%) 是主要的能源来源.
- 地下动物在很大程度上为地表 (62.3%) 和地表 (30.5%) 捕食者提供了燃料.
- 树木的多样性增加了生态系统的多功能性~30%在ectomycorrhizal社区.
- 树木的多样性将食物网从细菌转变为真菌主导的道,在树状菌根群体中.
结论:
- 树木的多样性对能源流量产生重大影响,尤其是在地下.
- 菌根类型和树木多样性是地面和地下生态系统运作的关键驱动因素.
- 增强的树木多样性加强了地面和地下食物网之间的合,增加了对地下猎物的依赖.
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